Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China; College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.
J Adv Res. 2023 Feb;44:53-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.04.005. Epub 2022 Apr 16.
With rapid development in agriculture and industry, water polluted with heavy metallic ions has come to be a serious problem. Adsorption-based methods are simple, efficient, and broadly used to eliminate heavy metals. Conventional adsorption materials have the problems of secondary environmental contamination. Hydrogels are considered effective adsorbents, and those prepared from biopolymers are biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic, safe to handle, and increasingly used to adsorb heavy metal ions.
The natural origin and easy degradability of biopolymer hydrogels make them potential for development in environmental remediation. Its water absorption capacity enables it to efficiently adsorb various pollutants in the aqueous environment, and its internal pore channels increase the specific surface area for adsorption, which can provide abundant active binding sites for heavy metal ions through chemical modification.
As the most representative of biopolymer hydrogels, polysaccharide-based hydrogels are diverse, physically and chemically stable, and can undergo complex chemical modifications to enhance their performance, thus exhibiting superior ability to remove contaminants. This review summarizes the preparation methods of hydrogels, followed by a discussion of the main categories and applications of polysaccharide-based biopolymer hydrogels.
随着工农业的快速发展，受重金属离子污染的水已成为一个严重的问题。基于吸附的方法简单、高效，并广泛用于去除重金属。传统的吸附材料存在二次环境污染的问题。水凝胶被认为是有效的吸附剂，由生物聚合物制备的水凝胶具有生物相容性、可生物降解性、无毒、安全处理等特点，越来越多地被用于吸附重金属离子。
生物聚合物水凝胶的天然来源和易降解性使它们在环境修复中有很大的发展潜力。其吸水性使其能够有效地吸附水环境中的各种污染物，其内部孔道增加了吸附的比表面积，可以通过化学修饰为重金属离子提供丰富的活性结合位点。
作为生物聚合物水凝胶的最典型代表，多糖基水凝胶种类繁多，物理化学性质稳定，并可进行复杂的化学修饰以增强其性能，从而表现出更强的去除污染物的能力。本文总结了水凝胶的制备方法，随后讨论了多糖基生物聚合物水凝胶的主要类别和应用。
