Rando Giulia, Scalone Elisabetta, Sfameni Silvia, Plutino Maria Rosaria
Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN-CNR, URT of Messina, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
Gels. 2024 Jul 27;10(8):498. doi: 10.3390/gels10080498.
In recent years, many researchers have focused on designing hydrogels with specific functional groups that exhibit high affinity for various contaminants, such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, pathogens, or nutrients, or environmental parameters. Novel approaches, including cross-linking strategies and the use of nanomaterials, have been employed to enhance the structural integrity and performance of the desired hydrogels. The evolution of these hydrogels is further highlighted, with an emphasis on fine-tuning features, including water absorption capacity, environmental pollutant/factor sensing and selectivity, and recyclability. Furthermore, this review investigates the emerging topic of stimuli-responsive smart hydrogels, underscoring their potential in both sorption and detection of water pollutants. By critically assessing a wide range of studies, this review not only synthesizes existing knowledge, but also identifies advantages and limitations, and describes future research directions in the field of chemically engineered hydrogels for water purification and monitoring with a low environmental impact as an important resource for chemists and multidisciplinary researchers, leading to improvements in sustainable water management technology.
近年来，许多研究人员致力于设计具有特定官能团的水凝胶，这些官能团对各种污染物（如重金属、有机污染物、病原体或营养物质）或环境参数具有高亲和力。已采用包括交联策略和使用纳米材料在内的新方法来增强所需水凝胶的结构完整性和性能。这些水凝胶的发展得到进一步强调，重点是微调特性，包括吸水能力、环境污染物/因子传感和选择性以及可回收性。此外，本综述研究了刺激响应型智能水凝胶这一新兴主题，强调了它们在水污染物吸附和检测方面的潜力。通过严格评估广泛的研究，本综述不仅综合了现有知识，还确定了优点和局限性，并描述了化学工程水凝胶在水净化和监测领域的未来研究方向，其对环境影响低，是化学家和多学科研究人员的重要资源，有助于改善可持续水管理技术。
