Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil.
Clinical and Epidemiological Research Center, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
Eur J Nutr. 2023 Jun;62(4):1623-1633. doi: 10.1007/s00394-023-03097-w. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
We aimed to perform a cross-sectional evaluation of the association between dietary patterns and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.
The participants with measurement of the cIMT were included (n = 9,624). cIMT was evaluated in a continuous way and categorized as < 75th and ≥ 75th and ≤ 0.9 mm and > 0.9 mm. Dietary patterns (DPs) were identified by principal component factor analysis. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between cIMT and DPs.
Three DPs were derived. For each unit increase in the convenience DP score, the odds for cIMT ≥ 75th increased by 13% (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.05: 1.22) and for cIMT > 0.9 mm increased by 14% (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.07: 1.22) in the fully adjusted model. In contrast, each unit increase in the prudent DP score decreased by 8% the odds of having cIMT ≥ 75th (OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.86: 0.98) and by 11% of cIMT > 0.9 mm (OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.84: 0.95). Furthermore, each increase in the convenience DP score was associated with increase in the cIMT (β 0.01; 95% CI 0.01: 0.02), while each increase in the prudent DP score was associated with decrease in the cIMT (β -0.01; -0.01; -0.01) in linear regression models.
Our results demonstrate that those individuals with adherence to the convenience dietary pattern are more likely to have high cIMT, while those with adherence to a prudent dietary pattern have lower odds for this characteristic.
我们旨在使用巴西成人健康纵向研究的基线数据进行横断面评估，研究饮食模式与颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）之间的关系。
纳入了 cIMT 可测量的参与者（n=9624）。以连续方式评估 cIMT，并将其分为<75 百分位和≥75 百分位和≤0.9mm 和>0.9mm。通过主成分因子分析确定饮食模式（DP）。使用线性和逻辑回归模型评估 cIMT 与 DPs 之间的关系。
得出了三种 DP。在完全调整后的模型中，便利 DP 评分每增加一个单位，cIMT≥75 百分位的几率增加 13%（OR 1.13；95%CI 1.05:1.22），cIMT>0.9mm 的几率增加 14%（OR 1.14；95%CI 1.07:1.22）。相比之下，每个谨慎 DP 评分的单位增加会使 cIMT≥75 百分位的几率降低 8%（OR 0.92；95%CI 0.86:0.98），cIMT>0.9mm 的几率降低 11%（OR 0.89；95%CI 0.84:0.95）。此外，便利 DP 评分的每次增加都与 cIMT 的增加相关（β 0.01；95%CI 0.01:0.02），而谨慎 DP 评分的每次增加都与 cIMT 的减少相关（β-0.01；-0.01；-0.01）线性回归模型。
我们的结果表明，那些遵循便利饮食模式的人更有可能出现高 cIMT，而那些遵循谨慎饮食模式的人则不太可能出现这种特征。
