Li Di, Zan Lingxing, Chen Shiming, Shi Zhang-Jie, Chen Ping, Xi Zhenfeng, Deng Dehui
State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian116023, China.
Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China.
Natl Sci Rev. 2022 Mar 8;9(12):nwac042. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwac042. eCollection 2022 Dec.
As key components of air, nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) are the vital constituents of lives. Synthesis of NO, and C-N-O organics direct from N and O, rather than from an intermediate NH (known as the Haber-Bosch process), is tantalizing. However, the extremely strong N≡N triple bond (945 kJ mol) and the nonpolar stable electron configuration of dinitrogen lead to its conversion being extensively energy demanding. The further selective synthesis of high-value C-N-O organics directly from N, O and C-containing molecules is attractive yet greatly challenging from both scientific and engineering perspectives. Enormous efforts have been dedicated to the direct conversion of N and O via traditional and novel techniques, including thermochemical, plasma, electrochemical, ultrasonic and photochemical conversion. In this review, we aim to provide a thorough comprehension of the status and challenge of the direct conversion of N, O and C-containing molecules (particularly N and O). Moreover, we will propose some future perspectives to stimulate more inspiration from the scientific community to tackle the scientific and engineering challenges.
作为空气的关键成分，氮（N）和氧（O）是生命的重要组成部分。直接由氮和氧而非通过中间体NH（即哈伯-博施过程）合成一氧化氮和C-N-O有机物，极具吸引力。然而，极强的N≡N三键（945 kJ/mol）以及氮气的非极性稳定电子构型导致其转化需要大量能量。从含氮、氧和碳的分子中进一步选择性合成高价值的C-N-O有机物，从科学和工程角度来看都很有吸引力，但极具挑战性。人们通过传统和新颖技术，包括热化学、等离子体、电化学、超声和光化学转化等，在氮和氧的直接转化方面付出了巨大努力。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面理解含氮、氧和碳的分子（特别是氮和氧）直接转化的现状与挑战。此外，我们将提出一些未来展望，以激发科学界更多灵感来应对科学和工程挑战。
