冈比亚2019冠状病毒病大流行期间呼吸道病毒的传播情况。

Circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia.

作者信息

Jarju Sheikh, Senghore Elina, Brotherton Helen, Affleck Lucy, Saidykhan Alasana, Jallow Samba, Krubally Ebrima, Sinjanka Edrisa, Ndene Morris Ngor, Bajo Fabakary, Sanyang Musa M, Saidy Binta, Bah Alasana, Mohammed Nuredin I, Forrest Karen, Clarke Ed, Dalessandro Umberto, Sesay Abdul K, Usuf Effua, Cerami Carla, Roca Anna, Kampmann Beate, de Silva Thushan I

机构信息

Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, P.O.BOX 273, The Gambia.

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.

出版信息

Gates Open Res. 2023 Mar 27;6:148. doi: 10.12688/gatesopenres.14155.3. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.12688/gatesopenres.14155.3

PMID:36726685

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9883272/

Abstract

In many countries, non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission resulted in significant reductions in other respiratory viruses. However, similar data from Africa are limited. We explored the extent to which viruses such as influenza and rhinovirus co-circulated with SARS-CoV-2 in The Gambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. : Between April 2020 and March 2022, respiratory viruses were detected using RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs from 1397 participants with influenza-like illness. An assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 and a viral multiplex RT-PCR assay was used as previously described to detect influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, parainfluenza viruses 1-4, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus, seasonal coronaviruses (229E, OC43, NL63) and human rhinovirus. Overall virus positivity was 44.2%, with prevalence higher in children <5 years (80%) compared to children aged 5-17 years (53.1%), adults aged 18-50 (39.5%) and >50 years (39.9%), p<0.0001. After SARS-CoV-2 (18.3%), rhinoviruses (10.5%) and influenza viruses (5.5%) were the most prevalent. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was lower in children <5 (4.3%) and 5-17 years (12.7%) than in adults aged 18-50 (19.3%) and >50 years (24.3%), p<0.0001. In contrast, rhinoviruses were most prevalent in children <5 years (28.7%), followed by children aged 5-17 (15.8%), adults aged 18-50 (8.3%) and >50 years (6.3%), p<0.0001. Four SARS-CoV-2 waves occurred, with 36.1%-52.4% SARS-CoV-2 positivity during peak months. Influenza infections were observed in both 2020 and 2021 during the rainy season as expected (peak positivity 16.4%-23.5%). Peaks of rhinovirus were asynchronous to the months when SARS-CoV-2 and influenza peaked. : Our data show that many respiratory viruses continued to circulate during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia, including human rhinoviruses, despite the presence of NPIs during the early stages of the pandemic, and influenza peaks during expected months.

摘要

在许多国家，为限制严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）传播而采取的非药物干预措施使其他呼吸道病毒的传播显著减少。然而，非洲的类似数据有限。我们探讨了在新冠疫情期间，冈比亚流感和鼻病毒等病毒与SARS-CoV-2共同传播的程度。2020年4月至2022年3月期间，对1397名患有流感样疾病的参与者的鼻咽拭子进行逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测呼吸道病毒。采用先前描述的检测SARS-CoV-2的检测方法和病毒多重RT-PCR检测方法来检测甲型和乙型流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒A和B、副流感病毒1-4、人偏肺病毒（HMPV）、腺病毒、季节性冠状病毒（229E、OC43、NL63）和人鼻病毒。总体病毒阳性率为44.2%，5岁以下儿童（80%）的患病率高于5-17岁儿童（53.1%）、18-50岁成年人（39.5%）和50岁以上成年人（39.9%），p<0.0001。在SARS-CoV-2（18.3%）之后，鼻病毒（10.5%）和流感病毒（5.5%）最为常见。5岁以下儿童（4.3%）和5-17岁儿童（12.7%）的SARS-CoV-2阳性率低于18-50岁成年人（19.3%）和50岁以上成年人（24.3%），p<0.0001。相比之下，鼻病毒在5岁以下儿童中最为常见（28.7%），其次是5-17岁儿童（15.8%）、18-50岁成年人（8.3%）和50岁以上成年人（6.3%），p<0.0001。出现了4次SARS-CoV-2浪潮，高峰月份的SARS-CoV-2阳性率为36.1%-52.4%。正如预期的那样，在2020年和2021年的雨季都观察到了流感感染（阳性率峰值为16.4%-23.5%）。鼻病毒的高峰与SARS-CoV-2和流感的高峰月份不同步。我们的数据表明，在冈比亚的新冠疫情期间，许多呼吸道病毒持续传播，包括人鼻病毒，尽管在疫情早期实施了非药物干预措施，并且流感在预期月份出现高峰。