在药房进行药物溶解和处理任务的健康风险有限——一项职业风险评估研究的结果。
Limited Health Risks in Performing Drug Reconstitution and Handling Tasks in Pharmacies-Results of an Occupational Risk Assessment Study.
机构信息
From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.C.); Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (O.B.); Laboratory of the Dutch Pharmacists, Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association, the Hague, the Netherlands (S.N., O.S.); Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands (M.L.F., E.K.).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2023 Apr 1;65(4):e204-e210. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002781.
OBJECTIVE
Some drugs need processing before they can be administered or dispensed. We measured airborne exposure of pharmacy staff to small particles when performing these tasks.
METHODS
Reconstitution of powdered drugs in vials; crushing, splitting, and counting of tablets; and opening of capsules, using different ventilation strategies, were investigated in five pharmacies after in a worst-case approach. Airborne particulate matter was determined for a range of particles sizes.
RESULTS
Mean particle concentrations ranged from not detectable to 1.03 μg/m 3 (<1 μm) and 589.7 μg/m 3 (<10 μm). Dust exhaust made tasks safer. Most hazardous was pouring out tablets from a bulk supply, and least hazardous was reconstitution of a powder for injection.
CONCLUSIONS
Occupational exposure during routine handling of drugs can occur, but the risks vary greatly with the nature and duration of the tasks.
目的
有些药物在给药或配药前需要进行处理。我们测量了药剂师在执行这些任务时，空气中的小颗粒对他们的暴露情况。
方法
采用最坏情况法，在五家药房中对小瓶中粉末药物的再溶解、片剂的压碎、分割和计数，以及胶囊的开启等操作，分别采用不同的通风策略进行研究。测定了不同粒径范围的空气中的颗粒物。
结果
平均颗粒物浓度范围从无法检测到 1.03μg/m 3（<1μm）和 589.7μg/m 3（<10μm）。粉尘排出使操作更安全。最危险的是从散装供应中倒出片剂，最安全的是注射用粉末的再溶解。
结论
在常规处理药物期间可能会发生职业暴露，但风险随任务的性质和持续时间而有很大差异。
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