Hartmann A, Bertram B, Siebelmann S, Böhm M, Faber H, Zhour A, Schuster A K
Augenklinik und Poliklinik, Fachbereich Ophthalmologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
Augenarztpraxis Prof. Bertram & Dr. Helg, Löhergraben 30, 52064, Aachen, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologie. 2023 Jul;120(7):726-733. doi: 10.1007/s00347-022-01806-0. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
The need for care in ophthalmology is constantly increasing due to demographic changes. The study analyzed the current professional situation and future prospects of ophthalmologists under 49 years old.
The survey of members of the German Association of Ophthalmologists (Berufsverband der Augenärzte Deutschlands) and the German Ophthalmologic Society (Deutsche Ophthalmologische Gesellschaft) was conducted in 2022. All members under the age of 49 years received an online questionnaire on the current professional situation as well as future perspectives (desired working hours, form of organization). The results of the survey were additionally compared with the 2016 survey of the German Association of Ophthalmologists. A similar questionnaire was used at that time.
A total of 1014 people participated in the survey (62.7% women, mean age 39.3 ± 8 years, 75.6% specialists). The response rate to the survey was 25%. Specialist practice from 0 to 5 years showed a higher number of employed ophthalmologists (21% self-employed vs. 32% employed); over time the number of self-employed ophthalmologists increased (6-10 years: 40%, > 10 years: 59.3%). Overall, 46% of women were employed in a practice compared with 33% of men. Of the self-employed specialists, 95.9% said they planned to work in the same type of employment in 10 years as currently. Regarding ophthalmologists' career future, the other employment types showed a desire to move to independent practice. Compared to the 2016 survey, gender differences related to the current type of employment were evident. The number of self-employed women decreased from 43% to 26% and self-employed men decreased from 63% to 39%. The number of ophthalmologists in ambulatory healthcare centers was doubled compared to 2016. Ophthalmologists reported similar future perspectives at both survey times.
The results of the survey of ophthalmologists under 49 years in Germany showed similar perceptions as in 2016. It became clear that the desire to be self-employed in 10 years is very high; however, ophthalmologists expected large practices or medical care centers to prevail in the market. The number of self-employed doctors is decreasing and the desire for self-employment is difficult to realize.
由于人口结构变化，眼科护理需求持续增长。本研究分析了49岁以下眼科医生的当前职业状况和未来前景。
2022年对德国眼科医生协会（Berufsverband der Augenärzte Deutschlands）和德国眼科学会（Deutsche Ophthalmologische Gesellschaft）的成员进行了调查。所有49岁以下的成员都收到了一份关于当前职业状况以及未来前景（期望工作时间、组织形式）的在线问卷。此外，还将调查结果与德国眼科医生协会2016年的调查进行了比较。当时使用了类似的问卷。
共有1014人参与了调查（女性占62.7%，平均年龄39.3±8岁，专科医生占75.6%）。调查的回复率为25%。从业0至5年的专科医生中，受雇眼科医生的比例更高（21%为个体经营者，32%为受雇者）；随着时间推移，个体经营的眼科医生数量增加（6至10年：40%，超过10年：59.3%）。总体而言，46%的女性受雇于诊所，而男性这一比例为33%。在个体经营的专科医生中，95.9%表示他们计划在10年后继续从事与目前相同类型的工作。关于眼科医生的职业未来，其他就业类型的人表示希望转向独立执业。与2016年的调查相比，当前就业类型的性别差异明显。个体经营的女性数量从43%降至26%，个体经营的男性数量从63%降至39%。与2016年相比，门诊医疗中心的眼科医生数量增加了一倍。在两次调查中，眼科医生报告的未来前景相似。
德国49岁以下眼科医生的调查结果与2016年的情况类似。很明显，10年后自主创业的意愿非常高；然而，眼科医生预计大型诊所或医疗中心将在市场上占据主导地位。个体经营医生的数量在减少，自主创业的愿望难以实现。
