Department of Justice Studies, San José State University, One Washington Square, San José, CA, 95192, USA.
School of Criminology & Criminal Justice, Arizona State University, 411 N Central Ave #600, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
Prev Sci. 2023 May;24(4):774-784. doi: 10.1007/s11121-023-01500-w. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
Violence is a significant social problem in many cities throughout the world. In seeking to prevent or control violence, communities have put in place a variety of interventions. Many of these rely on the formal criminal justice process to arrest, prosecute, and imprison offenders. However, formal social control is well known to be an incomplete solution to violence. As a result, some communities have experimented with community-based solutions. One such approach is Cure Violence, an initiative that treats violence as a public health issue. Based on methods used to prevent the spread of infectious disease, Cure Violence seeks to stop the spread of violence within communities. This study presents qualitative results on the implementation of Cure Violence in Trinidad and Tobago, a two-island nation in the southeastern Caribbean near Venezuela. We conducted 36 in-depth semi-structured interviews and two focus groups with a variety of stakeholders, including program staff, residents, family members of victims, and police. Our findings suggest that the implementation of Cure Violence in Trinidad and Tobago led to educational and employment support for community members and a reduction in violence, particularly retaliation killings in the target communities. Our results are useful for understanding the factors that shape the implementation of community-based violence reduction initiatives like Cure Violence.
暴力是世界上许多城市的一个重大社会问题。为了预防或控制暴力,社区已经采取了各种干预措施。其中许多措施依赖于正式的刑事司法程序来逮捕、起诉和监禁罪犯。然而,众所周知,正式的社会控制是解决暴力问题的不完整方法。因此,一些社区已经尝试了基于社区的解决方案。其中一种方法是“治愈暴力”,这是一种将暴力视为公共卫生问题的倡议。该倡议基于预防传染病传播的方法,旨在阻止暴力在社区内传播。本研究介绍了在特立尼达和多巴哥实施“治愈暴力”的定性结果,特立尼达和多巴哥是位于委内瑞拉附近加勒比海东南部的一个由两个岛屿组成的国家。我们对包括项目工作人员、居民、受害者家属和警察在内的各种利益攸关方进行了 36 次深入的半结构化访谈和两次焦点小组讨论。我们的研究结果表明,在特立尼达和多巴哥实施“治愈暴力”为社区成员提供了教育和就业支持,并减少了暴力行为,特别是目标社区的报复性杀人事件。我们的研究结果有助于理解影响像“治愈暴力”这样的基于社区的减少暴力倡议实施的因素。