School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA.
Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2023 Apr 1;92(4):340-347. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000003145.
To collect and compare selected hearing measures in a pilot study of young adults with perinatally acquired HIV (YAPHIV) and those with perinatal HIV exposure who are uninfected young adults with PHEU (YAPHEU).
Cross-sectional hearing measures in YAPHIV and YAPHEU enrolled in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study Adolescent Master Protocol (AMP) for Participants 18 Years of Age and Older (AMP Up).
Pure-tone air conduction audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) data were collected in 1 visit. A low-frequency pure-tone average (PTA) (LFPTA, at 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz), a speech-frequency PTA (SFPTA, at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz), and a high-frequency PTA (HFPTA, at 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz) were calculated. Hearing loss was defined as worse ear SFPTA of ≥20 dB HL. Separate linear regression models were fit for worse ear LFPTA, SFPTA, and HFPTA to assess associations with PHIV status. DPOAE signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were obtained at 3 frequencies in each ear.
Forty-seven YAPHIV and 9 YAPHEU completed hearing testing. All adjusted mean PTAs were similar between YAPHIV and YAPHEU. Hearing loss occurred more in YAPHIV (7/47, 15.2%; 95% CI: 6.3%-28.9%), compared with YAPHEU (0/9, 0%). No associations were detected between HIV disease severity measures and worse ear SFPTA. DPOAE SNRs were similar between YAPHIV and YAPHEU.
In this pilot study, peripheral hearing (ie, PTAs) and cochlear function (ie, DPOAEs) were similar between YAPHIV and YAPHEU. A larger study is warranted to confirm these findings.
在一项针对围产期感染 HIV 的年轻人（YAPHIV）和未感染的围产期 HIV 暴露的年轻人（YAPHEU）的初步研究中，收集并比较了选定的听力测量结果。
在参加儿科 HIV/AIDS 队列研究青少年综合方案（AMP）的 YAPHIV 和 YAPHEU 中进行横断面听力测量，该方案适用于 18 岁及以上的参与者（AMP Up）。
在一次就诊中收集纯音空气传导测听和畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）数据。计算低频纯音平均（LFPTA，在 0.25、0.5、1 和 2 kHz 处）、言语频率纯音平均（SFPTA，在 0.5、1、2 和 4 kHz 处）和高频纯音平均（HFPTA，在 3、4、6 和 8 kHz 处）。听力损失定义为较差耳 SFPTA ≥20 dB HL。使用单独的线性回归模型评估较差耳 LFPTA、SFPTA 和 HFPTA 与 PHIV 状态的关联。在每个耳朵的 3 个频率处获得 DPOAE 信噪比（SNR）。
47 名 YAPHIV 和 9 名 YAPHEU 完成了听力测试。YAPHIV 和 YAPHEU 的所有调整后的平均 PTA 均相似。YAPHIV 的听力损失发生率更高（7/47，15.2%；95%CI：6.3%-28.9%），而 YAPHEU 则没有（0/9，0%）。未发现 HIV 疾病严重程度测量结果与较差耳 SFPTA 之间存在关联。YAPHIV 和 YAPHEU 之间的 DPOAE SNR 相似。
在这项初步研究中，YAPHIV 和 YAPHEU 的外周听力（即 PTA）和耳蜗功能（即 DPOAE）相似。需要进行更大的研究来证实这些发现。
