Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
PM R. 2023 Oct;15(10):1309-1317. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.12955. Epub 2023 May 11.
Golf is a moderate-intensity physical activity that provides positive physical and mental health benefits. However, the inclusiveness of the sport for individuals with disabilities globally is unknown.
To characterize the demographics and disability characteristics of individuals engaging in disability golf globally. It was hypothesized that the majority of participants would be middle-aged, male, and from countries with higher gross domestic product, similar to the nondisabled population.
Descriptive, cross-sectional analysis using European Disability Golf Association (EDGA) database.
Various international golf tournaments.
Golfers (n = 1734) with disability from 44 countries registered with the EDGA (2017-2021).
Not applicable.
Descriptive analyses of frequencies, distributions, and means differences of demographic characteristics (age, gender, type of disability, level of handicap, golf cart use, and country of origin) of golfers with disability were performed. Data provided analysis of the association between number of participants and a country's gross domestic product (GDP).
Individuals had a mean age of 52.5 (±15.6) years: 1589 (91.6%) male and 145 (8.4%) female. Twenty-three countries had female participation. The most commonly reported primary disability diagnoses were neurologic (24.8%), orthopedic (21.4%), and amputation below the knee (14.4%). Neurologic impairments (24.7%) were most common in men and orthopedic impairments (29.7%) were most common in women. Individuals with neurological impairments (27.4%) most frequently required golf carts to play. The GDP of a country had a positive correlation (r = 0.68) with the number of registered golfers with disability.
Golf is played by individuals with a variety of disabilities and provides numerous benefits. However, there is an underrepresentation of youth, women, and individuals with certain impairments and from lower-income countries. These are the potential areas of opportunity to improve engagement and inclusiveness of golf.
高尔夫是一种中等强度的身体活动，能带来积极的身心健康益处。然而，目前尚不清楚这项运动在全球范围内对残疾人士的包容性如何。
描述参与全球残疾高尔夫运动的个体的人口统计学和残疾特征。据推测，大多数参与者将是中年男性，来自国内生产总值较高的国家，这与非残疾人群相似。
使用欧洲残疾高尔夫协会（EDGA）数据库进行描述性、横断面分析。
各种国际高尔夫锦标赛。
来自 44 个国家的 EDGA 注册残疾高尔夫球手（2017-2021 年）共 1734 名。
不适用。
对残疾高尔夫球手的人口统计学特征（年龄、性别、残疾类型、差点水平、使用高尔夫球车和原籍国）的频率、分布和均值差异进行描述性分析。提供了参与者数量与国家国内生产总值（GDP）之间关系的分析。
个体的平均年龄为 52.5（±15.6）岁：1589 名（91.6%）男性和 145 名（8.4%）女性。23 个国家有女性参与。最常见的主要残疾诊断是神经（24.8%）、骨科（21.4%）和膝下截肢（14.4%）。神经损伤（24.7%）在男性中最为常见，而骨科损伤（29.7%）在女性中最为常见。有神经损伤的个体（27.4%）最常需要使用高尔夫球车。一个国家的 GDP 与注册残疾高尔夫球手的数量呈正相关（r=0.68）。
高尔夫运动吸引了各种残疾人士参与，并带来了许多益处。然而，青年、女性以及某些残疾类型和低收入国家的参与者人数相对较少。这些是改善高尔夫参与度和包容性的潜在机会领域。
