Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Res Dev Disabil. 2023 Mar;134:104441. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104441. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
There is no systematic examination of the Iranian general population's knowledge of autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
In this study, we aimed to assess stigma and knowledge about ASD among Iranian people and determine the sociodemographic factors associated with them.
This study was conducted as a cross-sectional online survey from April to May 2020, using a convenience sampling method. We designed an online questionnaire using Google forms. We sent a message explaining the study goals and the link to the online questionnaire to groups on popular social platforms in Iran. We used Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire (ASK-Q) to assess ASD knowledge and stigma.
In total, 600 individuals participated in the study, of whom 301 (50.2 %) were women and 299 (49.8 %) were men. Out of 600 participants, 216 (36 %) had adequate knowledge of the diagnosis/symptoms subscale, 206 (34.3 %) for the etiology subscale, 200 (33.3 %) for the treatment subscale, and 260 (43.4 %) had no stigma toward ASD.
The level of knowledge about ASD is insufficient among Iranian people of this study. People with lower knowledge of ASD, including older adults and individuals with lower educational levels, may benefit the most from ASD awareness interventions.
目前还没有系统地检查伊朗普通人群对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的认识。
本研究旨在评估伊朗人对自闭症的污名化和认识程度，并确定与之相关的社会人口学因素。
本研究于 2020 年 4 月至 5 月期间采用横断面在线调查的方式进行，使用便利抽样方法。我们使用 Google 表单设计了一个在线问卷。我们向伊朗流行社交平台上的群组发送了一条解释研究目的和在线问卷链接的消息。我们使用自闭症污名和知识问卷（ASK-Q）来评估 ASD 的知识和污名。
共有 600 人参与了研究，其中 301 人（50.2%）为女性，299 人（49.8%）为男性。在 600 名参与者中，有 216 人（36%）对诊断/症状子量表有足够的了解，206 人（34.3%）对病因子量表有足够的了解，200 人（33.3%）对子表的治疗有足够的了解，而 260 人（43.4%）对 ASD 没有污名化。
本研究中伊朗人对 ASD 的认识程度不足。对 ASD 认识程度较低的人群，包括老年人和教育程度较低的人群，可能最受益于 ASD 意识干预措施。
