Swiss Centre for Antibiotic Resistance (ANRESIS), Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Graduate School for Health Sciences (GHS), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Infection. 2023 Aug;51(4):1025-1031. doi: 10.1007/s15010-023-01980-6. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
An increasing burden of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (BSI), despite a decrease in the percentage of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), was described recently in other European countries. The main aim of this study was to analyse recent temporal trends of S. aureus, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA BSI for Switzerland as well as the different linguistic regions within Switzerland. An additional aim was to estimate potential differences among patient-based and epidemiological risk factors.
A retrospective observational study was conducted in Switzerland over a period of 14 years (2008-2021). Trends in S. aureus, MSSA and MRSA BSI were analysed by applying linear regression models.
Staphylococcus aureus BSI increased by + 30% from 19.7 to 25.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants between 2008 and 2021 (P < 0.01) in Switzerland. Thereof, MSSA increased by + 37% from 17.8 to 24.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (P < 0.01). MRSA decreased from 1.9 to 1.2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (P < 0.01), which was driven by decreasing incidence in the French-speaking region. MSSA BSI increased significantly (P < 0.01) in both linguistic regions. A further stratification revealed that incidence increased the most in male patients of the age group ≥ 80 years of the German-speaking region.
The increasing health burden of MSSA BSI in Switzerland indicates that not only proportions of resistant microorganisms but also total BSI incidences should be monitored. In addition, data stratification revealed that the increase was mainly driven by an increasing incidence in elderly males of the German-speaking region.
最近，其他欧洲国家也描述了金黄色葡萄球菌血流感染（BSI）负担增加，尽管耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的百分比有所下降。本研究的主要目的是分析瑞士最近金黄色葡萄球菌、甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）和 MRSA BSI 的时间趋势，以及瑞士不同语言地区的趋势。另一个目的是估计基于患者和流行病学的潜在风险因素之间的差异。
在瑞士进行了一项回顾性观察研究，时间跨度为 14 年（2008-2021 年）。通过应用线性回归模型分析金黄色葡萄球菌、MSSA 和 MRSA BSI 的趋势。
在瑞士，2008 年至 2021 年期间，金黄色葡萄球菌 BSI 增加了+30%，从每 10 万人 19.7 例增加到 25.6 例（P<0.01）。其中，MSSA 从每 10 万人 17.8 例增加到 24.4 例（P<0.01）。MRSA 从每 10 万人 1.9 例减少到 1.2 例（P<0.01），这主要是由于法语区的发病率下降所致。MSSA BSI 在两个语言区均显著增加（P<0.01）。进一步分层显示，德语区年龄≥80 岁的男性患者的发病率增加最多。
瑞士 MSSA BSI 健康负担增加表明，不仅应监测耐药微生物的比例，还应监测总 BSI 发病率。此外，数据分层显示，增加主要是由德语区老年男性发病率增加驱动的。
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