Tsai Cheng-Lung, Lu Chia-Ning, Tzeng Hau-You, Krafsur Elliot S, Tu Wu-Chun, Yeh Wen-Bin
Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
Med Vet Entomol. 2023 Jun;37(2):371-380. doi: 10.1111/mve.12637. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
The bloodsucking fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae), is a cosmopolitan pest that transmits potential pathogens mechanically. We conduct phylogeographic analyses of S. calcitrans to resolve its global population genetic structure for establishing baseline of molecular studies. Results from mitochondrial gene suggested that the major divergence of S. calcitrans predominantly occurred 0.32-0.47 million years ago (Mya) and the subsequent diversifications took place during 0.13-0.27 Mya. The Ethiopian region was deduced as the most likely origin of S. calcitrans and the Nearctic lineages were considered to have originated from Oriental or Palaearctic regions. Our results further revealed that each biogeographic region of S. calcitrans likely maintains its genetic specialty, and yet, those non-monophyletic relationships were possibly caused by ancestral retention, dispersal with mammals, long-distance migration, and the international livestock industries. Moreover, the three highly diverged Ethiopian lineages may be putative cryptic species that require clarification of their veterinary importance. Unravelling the genetic structure of stable fly and preventing gene flow among biogeographic regions through anthropogenic activities are thus pivotal in livestock industry administration, particularly genetic exchange among differentiated lineages that might lead to the consequence of ecological trait alterations.
吸血蝇——厩螫蝇（双翅目：蝇科）是一种世界性害虫，可机械传播潜在病原体。我们对厩螫蝇进行系统地理学分析，以解析其全球种群遗传结构，为分子研究建立基线。线粒体基因研究结果表明，厩螫蝇的主要分化主要发生在32万至47万年前，随后的分化发生在13万至27万年前。埃塞俄比亚地区被推断为厩螫蝇最可能的起源地，新北区谱系被认为起源于东洋区或古北区。我们的研究结果进一步表明，厩螫蝇的每个生物地理区域可能都保持着其遗传特性，然而，那些非单系关系可能是由祖先保留、随哺乳动物扩散、远距离迁徙以及国际畜牧业造成的。此外，埃塞俄比亚的三个高度分化的谱系可能是假定的隐存种，需要阐明它们在兽医方面的重要性。因此，揭示厩螫蝇的遗传结构并通过人为活动防止生物地理区域之间的基因流动，对于畜牧业管理至关重要，特别是不同谱系之间的基因交换可能会导致生态性状改变的后果。
