The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MoZWE), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
Department of Public Health and Health Promotion, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand.
Infect Genet Evol. 2023 Aug;112:105455. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105455. Epub 2023 May 30.
Stomoxys flies (Diptera: Muscidae) are hematophagous ectoparasites of medical and veterinary importance. In this study, three Stomoxys species, i.e. S. bengalensis, S. calcitrans, and S. sitiens, were collected from three provinces in Central Thailand with the aim of estimating the genetic divergence between species, for species identification, as well as within species, for a genetic diversity study based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Our results showed that the average intraspecific genetic divergences of Stomoxys flies ranged from 0.11% in S. sitiens to 0.98% in S. calcitrans, whereas the average interspecific genetic divergences ranged from 5.24% between S. sitiens and S. bengalensis to 6.69% between S. calcitrans and S. bengalensis. In addition, there was no overlap between the intraspecific and interspecific genetic divergences. The COI sequence analysis revealed a high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity, reflecting a rapid population expansion after past bottlenecks. Moreover, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the pairwise population differentiation (Fst) among Stomoxys flies in Central Thailand, because of the lack of natural barriers, thus allowing genetic exchange between them. The monitoring of the haplotype network revealed that two lineages of S. calcitrans in Central Thailand were distributed in all study areas, including the Nakhon Pathom, Pathum Thani, and Saraburi Provinces. These findings may improve our understanding of the genetic patterns of these three Stomoxys flies, as well as the underlying biological mechanisms, which is knowledge that can be used for further effective control of these flies.
厩螫蝇（双翅目：蝇科）是具有医学和兽医学重要意义的吸血外寄生虫。本研究从泰国中部三个省采集了三种厩螫蝇，即斑虻、厩螫蝇和家蝇，旨在估计种间遗传分歧，用于物种鉴定，以及种内遗传多样性研究，基于细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基 I（COI）基因。我们的结果表明，厩螫蝇的种内遗传分歧平均从斑虻的 0.11%到厩螫蝇的 0.98%，而种间遗传分歧平均从斑虻和家蝇之间的 5.24%到厩螫蝇和家蝇之间的 6.69%。此外，种内和种间遗传分歧之间没有重叠。COI 序列分析显示高单倍型多样性和低核苷酸多样性，反映了过去瓶颈期后种群的快速扩张。此外，由于缺乏自然屏障，泰国中部厩螫蝇的种群间分化（Fst）没有显著差异（P > 0.05），因此允许它们之间进行遗传交换。单倍型网络监测显示，泰国中部的两种厩螫蝇谱系分布在所有研究地区，包括那空巴吞、巴吞他尼和沙拉武里省。这些发现可能会提高我们对这三种厩螫蝇遗传模式的理解，以及潜在的生物学机制，这是可以用于进一步有效控制这些蝇类的知识。
