热应激对泰国土种鸡（Pradu Hang dum）产蛋性能的遗传影响。
The genetic impact of heat stress on the egg production of Thai native chickens (Pradu Hang dum).
机构信息
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
The Research and Development Network Center of Animal Breeding and Omics, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2023 Feb 3;18(2):e0281328. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281328. eCollection 2023.
Sustainable poultry production in adverse weather conditions is a widely debated issue, which has led to research into the development of breeds of poultry that are genetically resistant to heat. This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat stress on the genetics of monthly egg production and examine the threshold point of heat stress for preventing thermal stress and its effects on chicken productivity. The data of 5,965 monthly egg production records of 629 Thai native Pradu Hang dum chickens were used for analysis in combination with the temperature-humidity index (THI) calculated by meteorological data near the testing station. The average THI throughout the year was 76.6, and the highest was 82. The THI data were subsequently used to find the threshold point of heat stress. The THI equation used in this study was chosen by its highest correlation (-0.306) between THI values and monthly egg production. At a THI of 74, the lowest -2 logL was found and was considered the threshold point of heat stress. This means that monthly egg production would start decreasing when the THI was 74. Heritability was 0.15±0.03, and genetic and permanent environmental correlations were -0.29 and -0.48, respectively. The threshold point was used to estimate the estimated breeding values (EBVs) of the monthly egg production and heat stress individually, and EBVs were calculated into the selection index. The selection index values when the animal was selected for the replacement herd for all chickens (top 50%, 30%, 20%, and 10%) were 0.14, 0.90, 1.27, 1.53, and 1.91, respectively, and the genetic progress was 0.55, 0.60, 0.68, 0.75, and 0.77, respectively. This shows that the selection index values are lower if there are many selected animals. The recommendation for animal genetic selection is that the top 10% is appropriately because it seems to be most preferred. Therefore, using a selection index for high egg production and heat tolerance in Thai native chickens is possible to achieve genetic assessment in a large population.
在不利的天气条件下实现可持续的家禽生产是一个备受争议的问题，这促使人们研究培育对热具有遗传抗性的家禽品种。本研究旨在调查热应激对月产蛋量遗传的影响，并研究防止热应激的热应激阈值及其对鸡生产力的影响。该研究使用了 629 只泰国本土 Pradu Hang dum 鸡的 5965 个月产蛋记录数据，并结合测试站附近的气象数据计算出的温度-湿度指数（THI）进行分析。全年平均 THI 为 76.6，最高为 82。随后使用 THI 数据找到热应激的阈值。本研究选择了与月产蛋量相关性最高（-0.306）的 THI 方程。当 THI 为 74 时，发现最低的-2 logL，这被认为是热应激的阈值。这意味着当 THI 为 74 时，月产蛋量开始下降。遗传力为 0.15±0.03，遗传和永久环境相关性分别为-0.29 和-0.48。该阈值用于单独估计月产蛋量和热应激的估计育种值（EBV），并将 EBV 计入选择指数。当动物被选为所有鸡（前 50%、30%、20%和 10%）的替代群体时，选择指数值分别为 0.14、0.90、1.27、1.53 和 1.91，遗传进展分别为 0.55、0.60、0.68、0.75 和 0.77。这表明，如果选择的动物数量较多，选择指数值会较低。动物遗传选择的建议是选择前 10%是合适的，因为这似乎是最受欢迎的。因此，在泰国本土鸡中使用高产蛋量和耐热性的选择指数可以实现对大量群体的遗传评估。
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