Kambayashi Atsushi, Shirasaka Yoshiyuki
Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 180 Ozumi, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 425-0072, Japan; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2023 Feb;48:100488. doi: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2022.100488. Epub 2022 Dec 20.
Food ingestion affects the oral absorption of many drugs in humans. In this review article, we summarize the physiological factors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that affect the in vivo performance of orally administered solid dosage forms in fasted and fed states in humans. In particular, we discuss the effects of food ingestion on fluid characteristics (pH, bile concentration, and volume) in the stomach and small intestine, GI transit of water and dosage forms, and microbiota. Additionally, case examples of food effects on GI physiology and subsequent changes in oral drug absorption are provided. Furthermore, the effects of food, especially fruit juices (e.g., grapefruit, orange, apple) and green tea, on transporter-mediated permeation and enzyme-catalyzed metabolism of drugs in intestinal epithelial cells are also summarized comprehensively.
食物摄入会影响人体对多种药物的口服吸收。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了胃肠道（GI）中影响人类在禁食和进食状态下口服固体剂型体内性能的生理因素。特别是，我们讨论了食物摄入对胃和小肠中的液体特性（pH值、胆汁浓度和体积）、水和剂型的胃肠道转运以及微生物群的影响。此外，还提供了食物对胃肠道生理学及随后口服药物吸收变化影响的实例。此外，还全面总结了食物，尤其是果汁（如葡萄柚汁、橙汁、苹果汁）和绿茶对肠道上皮细胞中药物转运体介导的渗透和酶催化代谢的影响。
