Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Department of Oral Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 Feb 4;18(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-03568-0.
Risedronate is a bisphosphonate with poor oral absorption. An extremely hydrophilic molecule that has a high affinity for bone, risedronate also inhibits the farnesyl diphosphate synthase enzyme, inhibiting osteoclastic activity and reducing bone turnover and resorption. Autogenous bone grafts contain osteogenic cells and osteoinductive factors that are essential for bone regeneration and are therefore considered the gold standard. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of local risedronate administered with autogenous bone grafts on the healing of defects in rabbit skulls using histological, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and three-dimensional radiological methods.
Two 10-mm-diameter critical-size defects were created in 16 rabbits and filled with autogenous bone graft and autogenous bone graft + 5 mg risedronate in the control (C) and risedronate (RIS) groups, respectively. Residual graft, new bone, soft tissue areas, and bone volume were evaluated in the 4- and 8-week study groups.
There were no statistically significant differences in bone graft, new bone, or soft tissue area between the groups at 4 weeks (p > 0.05). At 8 weeks, the new bone area was significantly higher in the RIS group than in the C group (p < 0.05). The h scores obtained from sialoprotein and osteopontin did not differ significantly between the groups (p > 0.05). The radiologically measured total bone volume was significantly higher in the RIS group than in the C group at both time points (p < 0.05).
In this study, risedronate enhanced the osteoconductive properties of autogenous bone grafts and rapidly created better-quality bone. This could improve future patient outcomes.
利塞膦酸钠是一种口服吸收差的双膦酸盐。利塞膦酸钠是一种具有极高亲骨性的极度亲水分子，对骨骼有很高的亲和力，它还能抑制法呢基二磷酸合酶，抑制破骨细胞活性，减少骨转换和吸收。自体骨移植物含有成骨细胞和成骨诱导因子，是骨再生所必需的，因此被认为是金标准。因此，本研究旨在通过组织学、组织形态计量学、免疫组织化学和三维放射学方法，研究局部给予利塞膦酸钠联合自体骨移植物对兔颅骨缺损愈合的影响。
在 16 只兔中各形成 2 个 10mm 直径的临界尺寸缺损，对照组（C 组）和利塞膦酸钠组（RIS 组）分别用自体骨移植物和自体骨移植物+5mg 利塞膦酸钠填充。在第 4 周和第 8 周的研究组中评估剩余移植物、新骨、软组织区和骨体积。
4 周时，各组间骨移植物、新骨或软组织面积无统计学差异（p>0.05）。8 周时，RIS 组的新骨面积明显高于 C 组（p<0.05）。各组间唾液蛋白和骨桥蛋白的 h 评分无显著差异（p>0.05）。在两个时间点，RIS 组的放射学总骨体积均明显高于 C 组（p<0.05）。
在本研究中，利塞膦酸钠增强了自体骨移植物的骨诱导特性，并迅速产生了更好质量的骨。这可能会改善未来患者的治疗效果。
