Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2023 Apr;47(4):288-296. doi: 10.1038/s41366-023-01266-9. Epub 2023 Feb 4.
Abdominal adiposity, including visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (VAT and SAT), is recognized as a strong risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, cancer, and mortality.
The primary aim of this analysis is to describe longitudinal patterns of change in abdominal adipose tissue in postmenopausal women, overall and stratified by age, race/ethnicity, and years since menopause.
The data are from six years of follow up on 10,184 postmenopausal women (7828 non-Hispanic White women, 1423 non-Hispanic Black women, and 703 Hispanic women) who participated in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). The WHI is a large prospective cohort study of postmenopausal women across the United States. All participants in this analysis had DXA scans in the 1990s as part of the WHI protocol. Hologic APEX software was used to re-analyze archived DXA scans and obtain measures of abdominal adipose tissue. Analyses examined differences in abdominal adipose tissue, overall adiposity, and anthropometric variables.
There were important differences in VAT and SAT by age and race/ethnicity. In women <60 years, VAT increased over the follow-up period, while in women ≥70 years, VAT decreased. Non-Hispanic Black women had the highest levels of SAT. Hispanic women had the highest VAT levels. Women more than ten years since menopause had less SAT and more VAT than women less than ten years since menopause, resulting in a higher VAT/SAT ratio. There was a moderate to strong correlation between measures of abdominal adipose tissue and anthropometric measurements of body size. Still, there were substantial differences in the quantity of VAT and SAT within BMI and waist circumference categories.
These results demonstrate differences in VAT and SAT according to age, race/ethnicity, time since menopause, and compared to standard measures of body composition in a large and diverse cohort of postmenopausal women.
腹部肥胖，包括内脏和腹部皮下脂肪组织（VAT 和 SAT），被认为是心血管代谢疾病、癌症和死亡率的一个强有力的危险因素。
本分析的主要目的是描述绝经后妇女腹部脂肪组织的纵向变化模式，总体上并按年龄、种族/族裔和绝经后时间进行分层。
数据来自参加妇女健康倡议（WHI）的 10184 名绝经后妇女（7828 名非西班牙裔白人妇女、1423 名非西班牙裔黑人妇女和 703 名西班牙裔妇女）六年的随访。WHI 是一项针对美国各地绝经后妇女的大型前瞻性队列研究。本分析中的所有参与者在 1990 年代都作为 WHI 方案的一部分进行了 DXA 扫描。使用 Hologic APEX 软件重新分析存档的 DXA 扫描并获得腹部脂肪组织测量值。分析检查了腹部脂肪组织、总体肥胖和人体测量变量的差异。
年龄和种族/族裔之间存在重要的 VAT 和 SAT 差异。在<60 岁的女性中，VAT 在随访期间增加，而在≥70 岁的女性中，VAT 减少。非西班牙裔黑人女性的 SAT 水平最高。西班牙裔女性的 VAT 水平最高。绝经后十年以上的女性比绝经后十年以下的女性拥有更少的 SAT 和更多的 VAT，导致更高的 VAT/SAT 比值。腹部脂肪组织的测量值与身体大小的人体测量测量值之间存在中度到高度相关性。尽管如此，在 BMI 和腰围类别中，VAT 和 SAT 的数量仍存在很大差异。
这些结果表明，在一个大型和多样化的绝经后妇女队列中，VAT 和 SAT 根据年龄、种族/族裔、绝经后时间以及与身体成分的标准测量值存在差异。
