Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 30310, Atlanta, GA, USA.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2013 Feb 22;13:9. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-13-9.
Adiponectin, paradoxically reduced in obesity and with lower levels in African Americans (AA), modulates several cardiometabolic risk factors. Because abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), known to be reduced in AA, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) compartments may confer differential metabolic risk profiles, we investigated the associations of VAT and SAT with serum adiponectin, separately by gender, with the hypothesis that VAT is more strongly inversely associated with adiponectin than SAT.
Participants from the Jackson Heart Study, an ongoing cohort of AA (n = 2,799; 64% women; mean age, 55 ± 11 years) underwent computer tomography assessment of SAT and VAT volumes, and had stored serum specimens analyzed for adiponectin levels. These levels were examined by gender in relation to increments of VAT and SAT.
Compared to women, men had significantly lower mean levels of adiponectin (3.9 ± 3.0 μg/mL vs. 6.0 ± 4.4 μg/mL; p < 0.01) and mean volume of SAT (1,721 ± 803 cm(3) vs. 2,668 ± 968 cm(3); p < 0.01) but significantly higher mean volume of VAT (884 ± 416 cm(3) vs. 801 ± 363 cm(3); p < 0.01). Among women, a one standard deviation increment in VAT was inversely associated with adiponectin (β = - 0.13; p < 0.0001) after controlling for age, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, education, pack-years of smoking and daily intake of alcohol. The statistically significant inverse association of VAT and adiponectin persisted after additionally adjusting for SAT, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), suggesting that VAT provides significant information above and beyond BMI and WC. Among men, after the same multivariable adjustment, there was a direct association of SAT and adiponectin (β = 0.18; p = 0.002) that persisted when controlling for BMI and WC, supporting a beneficial effect of SAT. Insulin resistance mediated the association of SAT with adiponectin in women.
In African Americans, abdominal visceral adipose tissue had an inverse association with serum adiponectin concentrations only among women. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue appeared as a protective fat depot in men.
脂联素在肥胖症中减少，非裔美国人（AA）的水平较低，它可以调节多种心血管代谢风险因素。因为已知腹部内脏脂肪组织（VAT）在 AA 中减少，而皮下脂肪组织（SAT）可能会导致不同的代谢风险特征，所以我们分别通过性别研究了 VAT 和 SAT 与血清脂联素的关系，假设 VAT 与脂联素的负相关性比 SAT 更强。
正在进行的 AA 队列研究（Jackson Heart Study）的参与者（n=2799；64%为女性；平均年龄 55±11 岁）接受了 SAT 和 VAT 体积的计算机断层扫描评估，并对储存的血清样本进行了脂联素水平分析。按性别分别检查了 VAT 和 SAT 增量与脂联素水平的关系。
与女性相比，男性的脂联素平均水平明显较低（3.9±3.0μg/mL 比 6.0±4.4μg/mL；p<0.01），SAT 平均体积也明显较低（1721±803cm3 比 2668±968cm3；p<0.01），但 VAT 平均体积明显较高（884±416cm3 比 801±363cm3；p<0.01）。在女性中，VAT 的一个标准差增加与脂联素呈负相关（β=-0.13；p<0.0001），在控制年龄、收缩压、空腹血糖、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、教育程度、吸烟包年数和每日饮酒量后。在另外调整了 SAT、体重指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）后，VAT 和脂联素之间的统计学显著负相关仍然存在，这表明 VAT 提供了 BMI 和 WC 之外的重要信息。在男性中，在进行相同的多变量调整后，SAT 与脂联素有直接关联（β=0.18；p=0.002），当控制 BMI 和 WC 时，这种关联仍然存在，支持 SAT 的有益作用。胰岛素抵抗介导了 SAT 与脂联素在女性中的关联。
在非裔美国人中，只有女性的腹部内脏脂肪组织与血清脂联素浓度呈负相关。腹部皮下脂肪组织在男性中似乎是一种保护性脂肪储存库。
