University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Hospital Ceske Budejovice, a.s., 370 01 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 1;871:161938. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161938. Epub 2023 Feb 4.
This biomonitoring survey brings new information on the occurrence of a total of 94 organohalogenated pollutants in 231 human breast milk samples collected in 2019 and 2021 from women living in two regions of the Czech Republic (Karvina and Ceske Budejovice). This study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of 6 indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 10 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), 34 halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), 29 perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and 15 polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs). PCBs, OCPs, most of HFRs and PCNs were identified/quantified by gas chromatography coupled to (tandem) mass spectrometry (GC-MS(/MS)), while PFAS, hexabromocyclododecane isomers (HBCD), brominated phenols, and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The mean value of the sum of the 6 indicator PCBs was 123.12 nanogram per gram of lipid weight (ng g lw). Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) were the most abundant OCPs, detected in 100 % (mean 11.8 ng g lw), 94.8 % (mean 6.1 ng g lw) and 100 % (mean 101.5 ng g lw) of samples, respectively. PCN congeners 20, 52 and 66 were detected in <1 % of the samples. The HFRs concentrations were relatively low compared to the levels of OCP; The detection rate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, # 47, 99 and 153) ranged 21-68 % with a mean concentrations of 0.34 ng g lw - 0.42 ng g lw. PFAS concentrations were also low, with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) dominant in this group (means of 22 pg ml and 21 pg ml, respectively). Our results confirmed the long-term trend of declining levels of banned POPs in Czech mothers. The amounts of PCBs and OCPs were higher in older breastfeeding primiparous women.
这项生物监测调查提供了 2019 年和 2021 年在捷克共和国两个地区（卡尔斯巴德和捷克布杰约维采）采集的 231 份母乳样本中总共 94 种有机卤代污染物的发生情况的新信息。本研究旨在评估 6 种指示性多氯联苯 (PCBs)、10 种有机氯农药 (OCPs)、34 种卤代阻燃剂 (HFRs)、29 种全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 和 15 种多氯萘 (PCNs) 的浓度。PCBs、OCPs、大多数 HFRs 和 PCNs 通过气相色谱-（串联）质谱法 (GC-MS(/MS)) 进行鉴定/定量，而 PFAS、六溴环十二烷异构体 (HBCD)、溴化酚类和四溴双酚 A (TBBPA) 通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法 (UHPLC-MS/MS) 进行鉴定/定量。6 种指示性 PCBs 总和的平均值为 123.12 纳克/克脂肪重量 (ng g lw)。六氯苯 (HCB)、β-六氯环己烷 (β-HCH) 和 p,p'-二氯二苯二氯乙烯 (p,p'-DDE) 是最丰富的 OCPs，在 100%（平均 11.8 ng g lw）、94.8%（平均 6.1 ng g lw）和 100%（平均 101.5 ng g lw）的样本中检测到。20、52 和 66 号 PCN 同系物在<1%的样本中检测到。与 OCP 水平相比，HFRs 浓度相对较低；多溴二苯醚 (PBDEs，#47、99 和 153) 的检出率为 21-68%，平均浓度为 0.34 ng g lw-0.42 ng g lw。PFAS 浓度也较低，其中全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 和全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 占主导地位（平均值分别为 22 pg ml 和 21 pg ml）。我们的结果证实了捷克母亲体内禁用 POPs 水平呈长期下降趋势。在年龄较大的母乳喂养初产妇中，PCBs 和 OCPs 的含量更高。
