Wang Kai, Ji Xiang, Li Ting
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 18;13:1046821. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1046821. eCollection 2022.
Sex differences emerge early in infancy. A number of earlier studies have investigated the resting-state network of infant sleep states, and there have been many studies using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine the effects of infant language learning on changes in oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin levels. However, studies examining sex differences from the resting-state network of infant sleep states are scarce. This study uses an open access dataset of task-free hemodynamic activity in 4-month-old infants during sleep by fNIRS, to identify some difference between male and female infants. We used Power Spectral Density showing at which frequencies the data variation/variance is high. We have also analyzed some gender differences by analyzing the relationship between individual channels, the degree of activation, etc. The results of this study showed that female and male infants had different Power Spectral Density for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin at rest, showing stronger differences at frontoparietal network, somatomotor network, visual network and dorsal network. This may be due to the differences in the timing or extent of development of those networks. These differences will provide some assistance in future studies of the early education of male and female infants.
性别差异在婴儿期早期就已出现。许多早期研究调查了婴儿睡眠状态的静息态网络，并且有许多研究使用功能近红外光谱技术（fNIRS）来检验婴儿语言学习对氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白水平变化的影响。然而，从婴儿睡眠状态的静息态网络来研究性别差异的研究却很少。本研究使用一个开放获取的数据集，该数据集通过fNIRS记录了4个月大婴儿睡眠期间无任务时的血流动力学活动，以确定男婴和女婴之间的一些差异。我们使用功率谱密度来显示数据变化/方差在哪些频率上较高。我们还通过分析各个通道之间的关系、激活程度等来分析了一些性别差异。本研究结果表明，男婴和女婴在静息状态下的氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白具有不同的功率谱密度，在额顶叶网络、躯体运动网络、视觉网络和背侧网络中表现出更强的差异。这可能是由于这些网络发育的时间或程度不同所致。这些差异将为未来对男、女婴早期教育的研究提供一些帮助。
