Chillón Sergio A, Fernandez-Gamiz Unai, Zulueta Ekaitz, Ugarte-Anero Ainara, Urbina-Garcia Oskar
Nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics Department, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Nieves Cano 12, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01006, Araba, Spain.
Automatic and Simulation Department, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Nieves Cano 12, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01006, Araba, Spain.
Heliyon. 2023 Feb;9(2):e13370. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13370. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
The global COVID-19 and its variants put us on notice of the importance of studying the spread of respiratory diseases. The most common means of propagation was the emission of droplets due to different respiration activities. This study modeled by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques a high risk scenario like a hospital elevator. The cabin was provided with an extraction fan and a rack for air renewal. Inside, a sneeze, a cough and a continuum speech were simulated. Inside the lift, two occupants were introduced to observe the risk of propagation of emitted droplets and the impact in diseases spreading risk. The fan effectivity over the droplets ejection was analyzed, as well as environmental condition of a clinical setting. For this purpose the amount of droplets inside were counted during whole time of simulations. The effect of the fan was concluded as able to eject the 60% of small droplets, but also a high performance in spreading particles inside. Among the three cases, the riskiest scenario was the continuum speech due to the saturation of droplets in airborne.
全球新冠疫情及其变体让我们意识到研究呼吸道疾病传播的重要性。最常见的传播方式是由于不同呼吸活动产生的飞沫排放。本研究采用计算流体动力学（CFD）技术对医院电梯这样的高风险场景进行建模。电梯轿厢配备了抽气扇和空气更新架。在内部，模拟了打喷嚏、咳嗽和连续讲话的情况。在电梯内引入两名乘客，以观察飞沫排放的传播风险以及对疾病传播风险的影响。分析了风扇对飞沫喷射的有效性以及临床环境状况。为此，在整个模拟过程中对内部的飞沫数量进行了计数。得出的结论是，风扇能够排出60%的小飞沫，但在内部传播颗粒方面也有很高的效率。在这三种情况中，风险最高的场景是连续讲话，因为空气中飞沫饱和。
