García-Roldán Alicia, Durán-Viseras Ana, de la Haba Rafael R, Corral Paulina, Sánchez-Porro Cristina, Ventosa Antonio
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jan 20;14:1109549. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1109549. eCollection 2023.
The genus is classified on the family , within the class and currently includes six species isolated from salterns, saline or soda lakes, and salt mines. All are extremely halophilic (optimal growth at 20-25% [w/v] NaCl) and neutrophilic, except , the type species of the genus, that is haloalkaliphilic (showing optimal growth at pH 9.0) and possesses distinct phenotypic features, such as a different polar lipid profile than the rest of species of the genus. We have carried out a genome-based study in order to determine the phylogenetic structure of the genus and elucidate its current taxonomic status. Overall genomic relatedness indexes, i.e., OrthoANI (Average Nucleotide Identity), dDDH (digital DNA-DNA hybridization), and AAI (Average Amino acid Identity), were determined with respect to the species of and other representative taxa of the class Our data show that the six species of constitute a coherent cluster at the genus level. Besides, we have characterized a new haloarchaeon, strain F2-12, isolated from the brine of a pond of a saltern in Isla Cristina, Huelva, Spain, and we determined that it constitutes a new species of , for which we propose the name sp. nov. Besides, the metabolic analysis revealed a heterotrophic lifestyle and a versatile nitrogen metabolism for members of this genus. Finally, metagenomic fragment recruitments from a subset of hypersaline habitats, indicated that the species of are widely distributed in saline lakes and salterns as well as on saline soils. Species of this haloarchaeal genus can be considered as ubiquitous in intermediate to high salinity habitats.
该属被归类于 科，在 纲内，目前包括从盐田、盐湖或盐矿中分离出的六个物种。所有物种均为极端嗜盐菌（在20 - 25% [w/v] NaCl浓度下生长最佳）且为嗜中性菌，但该属的模式种 除外，它是嗜盐碱菌（在pH 9.0时生长最佳），并具有独特的表型特征，例如其极性脂质谱与该属其他物种不同。我们开展了一项基于基因组的研究，以确定该属的系统发育结构并阐明其当前的分类地位。针对该属的物种以及 纲的其他代表性分类单元，测定了总体基因组相关性指标，即平均核苷酸同一性（OrthoANI）、数字DNA - DNA杂交（dDDH）和平均氨基酸同一性（AAI）。我们的数据表明，该属的六个物种在属水平上构成一个连贯的类群。此外，我们鉴定了一种新的嗜盐古菌，菌株F2 - 12，它是从西班牙韦尔瓦省克里斯蒂娜岛一个盐田池塘的卤水中分离出来的，我们确定它构成了该属的一个新物种，为此我们提议将其命名为 新种。此外，代谢分析揭示了该属成员的异养生活方式和多样的氮代谢。最后，从一部分高盐生境进行的宏基因组片段招募表明，该属的物种广泛分布于盐湖、盐田以及盐渍土壤中。这个嗜盐古菌属的物种可被认为在中度至高度盐度生境中普遍存在。
