Nasri Sjahrul Meizar, Susilowati Indri Hapsari, Hasiholan Bonardo Prayogo, Sitanggang Akbar Nugroho, Gede Jyotidiwy Ida Ayu, Satria Nurrachmat, Theofany Simanjuntak Magda Sabrina
Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, C Building 1st Floor Kampus Baru UI, Depok, 16424, Indonesia.
Directorate of Productive and Elderly Age Health, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia.
Saf Health Work. 2023 Mar;14(1):66-70. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.01.002. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
Online teaching and learning extend the duration of using gadgets such as mobile phones and tablets. A prolonged usage of these gadgets in a static position can lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Therefore, this study aims to identify the risk factors related to musculoskeletal symptoms while using gadgets during work from home due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cross-sectional survey with online-based questionnaires was collected from the University of Indonesia, consisting of lecturers, students, and managerial staff. The minimum number of respondents was 1,080 and was defined by stratified random sampling. Furthermore, the dependent variable was musculoskeletal symptoms, while the independent were age, gender, job position, duration, activity when using gadgets, and how to hold them.
Most of the respondents had mobile phones but only 16% had tablets. Furthermore, about 56.7% have used a mobile phone for more than 10 years, while about 89.7% have used a tablet for less than 10 years. A multivariate analysis found factors that were significantly associated with MSD symptoms while using a mobile phone, such as age, gender, web browsing activity, work, or college activities. These activities include doing assignments and holding the phone with two hands with two thumbs actively operating. The factors that were significantly associated with MSD symptoms when using tablets were gender, academic position, social media activity, and placing the tablet on a table with two actively working index fingers.
Therefore, from the results of this study it is necessary to have WFH and e-learning policies to reduce MSD symptoms and enhance productivity at work.
在线教学和学习延长了手机和平板电脑等电子设备的使用时长。长时间以静止姿势使用这些电子设备可能会导致肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）。因此，本研究旨在确定在因新冠疫情居家办公期间使用电子设备时与肌肉骨骼症状相关的风险因素。
通过在线问卷对印度尼西亚大学的讲师、学生和管理人员进行了横断面调查。采用分层随机抽样确定的最低受访者数量为1080人。此外，因变量为肌肉骨骼症状，自变量为年龄、性别、工作岗位、使用时长、使用电子设备时的活动以及握持方式。
大多数受访者拥有手机，但只有16%的人有平板电脑。此外，约56.7%的人使用手机超过10年，而约89.7%的人使用平板电脑不到10年。多变量分析发现，在使用手机时与MSD症状显著相关的因素包括年龄、性别、网页浏览活动、工作或大学活动。这些活动包括做作业以及用双手握持手机且双手拇指积极操作。使用平板电脑时与MSD症状显著相关的因素包括性别、学术职位、社交媒体活动以及将平板电脑放在桌上并用两只食指积极操作。
因此，根据本研究结果，有必要制定居家办公和电子学习政策，以减轻MSD症状并提高工作效率。
