文化和语言背景多样化的儿童之间的儿童保护接触：南澳大利亚州的关联数据研究。
Child protection contact among children of culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds: A South Australian linked data study.
机构信息
School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
出版信息
J Paediatr Child Health. 2023 Apr;59(4):644-652. doi: 10.1111/jpc.16364. Epub 2023 Feb 6.
AIM
To describe the cumulative incidence of child protection (CP) system contact, maltreatment type, source of reports to age 7 years, and socio-demographic characteristics for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) Australian children.
METHODS
We used CP, education, health, and birth registrations data for children followed from birth up to age 7 from the South Australian Better Evidence, Better Outcomes, Linked Data (SA BEBOLD) platform.
PARTICIPANTS
SA born children enrolled in their first year of school from 2009 to 2015 (n = 76 563). CALD defined as non-Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, spoken language other than English, Indigenous or Sign, or had at least one parent born in a non-English speaking country.
OUTCOMES MEASURES
For CALD and non-CALD children, we estimated the cumulative incidence (risk) of CP contacts up to age 7, relative risk and risk differences for all levels of CP contact from notification to out-of-home care (OOHC), primary maltreatment type, reporter type, and socio-economic characteristics. Sensitivity analyses explored different population selection criteria and CALD definitions.
RESULTS
By age 7, 11.2% of CALD children had 'screened-in' notifications compared to 18.8% of non-CALD (risk difference [RD] 7.6 percentage points (95% confidence interval: 6.9-8.3)), and 0.6% of CALD children experienced OOHC compared to 2.2% of non-CALD (RD 1.6 percentage points (95% confidence interval: 1.3-1.8)). Emotional abuse was the most common substantiated maltreatment type for CALD and neglect for non-CALD. Among both groups, the most common reporter sources were police and education sector. Socio-economic characteristics were broadly similar. Sensitivity analyses results were consistent with primary analyses.
CONCLUSION
By age 7, CALD children had lower risk of contact with all levels of CP. Estimates based on primary and sensitivity analyses suggested CALD children were 5-9 percentage points less likely to have a report screened-in, and from 1.0 to 1.7 percentage points less likely to have experienced OOHC.
目的
描述儿童保护（CP）系统接触、虐待类型、报告来源的累积发生率，以及文化和语言多样化（CALD）澳大利亚儿童的社会人口特征，直至 7 岁。
方法
我们使用了从出生到 7 岁的儿童在南澳大利亚州更好的证据、更好的结果、链接数据（SA BEBOLD）平台上的 CP、教育、健康和出生登记数据。
参与者
2009 年至 2015 年入学的 SA 出生的儿童（n=76563）。CALD 的定义是非原住民或托雷斯海峡岛民，母语不是英语，土著或手语，或至少有一位父母出生在非英语国家。
结果
对于 CALD 和非 CALD 儿童，我们估计了截至 7 岁时 CP 接触的累积发生率（风险），从通知到家庭外照顾（OOHC）的所有 CP 接触水平的相对风险和风险差异，主要虐待类型，报告人类型和社会经济特征。敏感性分析探索了不同的人口选择标准和 CALD 定义。
结论
到 7 岁时，11.2%的 CALD 儿童有“筛选出”的通知，而非 CALD 儿童为 18.8%（风险差异[RD]7.6 个百分点（95%置信区间：6.9-8.3）），而 0.6%的 CALD 儿童经历了 OOHC，而非 CALD 儿童为 2.2%（RD 1.6 个百分点（95%置信区间：1.3-1.8））。情感虐待是 CALD 儿童最常见的证实虐待类型，而忽视是非 CALD 儿童最常见的虐待类型。在这两个群体中，最常见的报告来源是警察和教育部门。社会经济特征大致相似。敏感性分析结果与主要分析结果一致。
到 7 岁时，CALD 儿童与 CP 系统接触的风险较低。基于主要和敏感性分析的估计表明，CALD 儿童被筛选出报告的可能性低 5-9 个百分点，而经历 OOHC 的可能性低 1.0-1.7 个百分点。
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