Bangotra Pargin, Jakhu Rajan, Prasad Mukesh, Aswal R S, Ashish Ansumali, Mushtaq Zainab, Mehra Rohit
Department of Physics, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka, 110078, New Delhi, India.
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute of Nuclear Physics, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Feb 6;195(3):367. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-10959-7.
Human body exposure to various toxic and non-toxic heavy metals in groundwater is a significant health concern, especially in developing countries. The present study was planned and carried out to appraise the potential health risks of eight heavy metals (Mn, Co, Cu, As, Se, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in different water sources of the Mansa and Muktsar districts of Punjab. The measurements of heavy metals were performed using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) technique. The health (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic) risks and doses (ingestion and dermal) associated with exposure to heavy metals in water were estimated from the measured concentrations using USEPA guidelines. The average concentrations of heavy metals were observed in the order of Mn (13.93) > Cu (13.12) > Se (4.14) > As (3.28) > Hg (3.27) > Pb (1.29) > Co (0.20) > Cd (0.10) μg L. The results show that the Hg, Pb, As, and Se concentrations are above the guideline values of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 10.34%, 3.45%, 6.90%, and 6.90% locations, respectively. The high values of these heavy metals may be due to geogenic anthropogenic activities. The hazard quotients (non-carcinogenic risk) for ingestion and dermal exposures were observed in the range of 0.32-3.79 and 8.05 × 10-1.34 × 10, respectively. On the other hand, the carcinogenic health risks due to ingestion and dermal exposure were observed to be 0.02-0.38 and 6.67 × 10-1.15 × 10, respectively. The results of this study will be helpful to the drinking water supplying agencies, water resource development authorities, etc.
人体接触地下水中各种有毒和无毒重金属是一个重大的健康问题，在发展中国家尤其如此。本研究旨在评估旁遮普邦曼萨和穆克萨尔地区不同水源中八种重金属（锰、钴、铜、砷、硒、镉、汞和铅）对健康的潜在风险。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICPMS）技术对重金属进行测量。根据美国环境保护局（USEPA）的指导方针，从测量浓度估算了与水中重金属暴露相关的健康（致癌和非致癌）风险及剂量（摄入和皮肤接触）。观察到重金属的平均浓度顺序为：锰（13.93）＞铜（13.12）＞硒（4.14）＞砷（3.28）＞汞（3.27）＞铅（1.29）＞钴（0.20）＞镉（0.10）微克/升。结果表明，汞、铅、砷和硒的浓度分别在10.34%、3.45%、6.90%和6.90%的地点超过了世界卫生组织（WHO）的指导值。这些重金属的高值可能归因于地质成因的人为活动。摄入和皮肤接触的危害商（非致癌风险）分别在0.32 - 3.79和8.05×10 - 1.34×10范围内。另一方面，摄入和皮肤接触导致的致癌健康风险分别为0.02 - 0.38和6.67×10 - 1.15×10。本研究结果将对饮用水供应机构、水资源开发当局等有所帮助。
