Otoya-Martinez Nathalie, Leite Luís Garrigós, Harakava Ricardo, Touray Mustapha, Hazir Selcuk, Chacon-Orozco Julie, Bueno César Júnior
Centro Avançado de Pesquisas em Proteção Plantas e Saúde Animal, Instituto Biológico, Alameda dos Vidoeiros, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Centro Avançado de Pesquisas em Proteção Plantas e Saúde Animal, Instituto Biológico, Alameda dos Vidoeiros, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fungal Biol. 2023 Jan-Feb;127(1-2):865-871. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2022.12.002. Epub 2022 Dec 13.
Neofusicoccum parvum, is a fungal pathogen and one of the etiological agents of dieback disease in grapevines. The fungus causes deterioration of vines due to vascular colonization and/or production of toxins. We report herein the inhibitory effects of Trichoderma spp. isolates and the antifungal effects of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria against N. parvum in agar plates. We also evaluated the effects of the most effective fungi and bacteria against the pathogen in pruning wounds of vine shoots. All isolates of Trichoderma exhibited antifungal activity ranging between 82 and 97.5% at 14 days of post-treatment. All Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus CFS at 10 and 33% concentrations inhibited mycelial growth with X. szentirmaii PAM 11 and PAM 25 causing the highest inhibition (>74%). In the shoot experiments, T. asperellum IB 01/13 and T. asperellum Quality®, X. szentirmaii PAM 11 (undiluted growth culture and CFS) suppressed the fungus by ≥ 93%. Our study highlights the potential of Trichoderma and X. szentirmaii PAM 11 for use as biofungicides in the management of N. parvum in grapevines. Further studies should be conducted to develop formulations of Trichoderma and Xenorhabdus that enhance stability in shelf-life and increase the efficacy of N. parvum control in grapevines under field conditions.
短小新壳梭孢是一种真菌病原体，也是葡萄树衰退病的病原体之一。该真菌通过侵染维管束和/或产生毒素导致葡萄树衰败。我们在此报告木霉菌株的抑制作用，以及来自致病杆菌属和发光杆菌属细菌的无细胞上清液（CFS）在琼脂平板上对短小新壳梭孢的抗真菌作用。我们还评估了最有效的真菌和细菌对葡萄嫩梢修剪伤口处病原体的影响。在处理后14天，所有木霉菌株均表现出82%至97.5%的抗真菌活性。所有浓度为10%和33%的致病杆菌属和发光杆菌属CFS均抑制了菌丝生长，其中桑氏致病杆菌PAM 11和PAM 25的抑制作用最强（>74%）。在嫩梢实验中，棘孢木霉IB 01/13和棘孢木霉Quality®、桑氏致病杆菌PAM 11（未稀释的生长培养物和CFS）对真菌的抑制率≥93%。我们的研究突出了棘孢木霉和桑氏致病杆菌PAM 11在葡萄树短小新壳梭孢管理中用作生物杀菌剂的潜力。应进一步开展研究，开发木霉菌和致病杆菌的制剂，以提高其在保质期内的稳定性，并在田间条件下提高葡萄树短小新壳梭孢防治效果。
