Pollard-Flamand Jinxz, Boulé Julie, Hart Miranda, Úrbez-Torres José Ramón
Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 4200 Highway 97, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada.
Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3187 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Apr 16;8(4):409. doi: 10.3390/jof8040409.
Botryosphaeria dieback (BD) is a grapevine trunk disease (GTD) causing significant yield losses and limiting the lifespan of vineyards worldwide. Fungi responsible for BD infect grapevines primarily through pruning wounds, and thus pruning wound protection, using either synthetic chemicals or biological control agents (BCAs), is the main available management strategy. However, no products to control GTDs are currently registered in Canada. With a focus on more sustainable grapevine production, there is an increasing demand for alternatives to chemical products to manage GTDs. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to identify species from grapevines in British Columbia (BC) and evaluate their potential biocontrol activity against BD fungi and . Phylogenetic analyses identified seven species, including , , , , and two novel species, and . In vitro dual culture antagonistic assays showed several isolates to inhibit fungal pathogen mycelial growth by up to 75%. In planta detached cane assays under controlled greenhouse conditions identified , and isolates from BC as providing 70% to 100% pruning wound protection against BD fungi for up to 21 days after treatment. In addition, these isolates were shown to provide similar or better control when compared against commercial chemical and biocontrol products. This study demonstrates the potential that locally sourced species can have for pruning wound protection against BD fungi, and further supports the evaluation of these isolates under natural field conditions.
葡萄座腔菌溃疡病（BD）是一种葡萄树干病害（GTD），在全球范围内导致显著的产量损失，并限制葡萄园的寿命。引发BD的真菌主要通过修剪伤口感染葡萄树，因此，使用合成化学药剂或生物防治剂（BCA）保护修剪伤口是现有的主要管理策略。然而，目前加拿大尚未注册用于防治GTD的产品。随着对更可持续葡萄生产的关注，对用于管理GTD的化学产品替代品的需求日益增加。因此，本研究的目的是从不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC）的葡萄树中鉴定物种，并评估它们对BD真菌的潜在生物防治活性。系统发育分析鉴定出七个物种，包括、、、、，以及两个新物种和。体外共培养拮抗试验表明，几种分离株可将真菌病原体的菌丝生长抑制高达75%。在可控温室条件下进行的植株离体茎杆试验表明，来自BC的、和分离株在处理后长达21天内可为修剪伤口提供70%至100%的保护，防止BD真菌侵染。此外，与商业化学和生物防治产品相比，这些分离株表现出相似或更好的防治效果。本研究证明了本地来源的物种在保护修剪伤口免受BD真菌侵害方面的潜力，并进一步支持在自然田间条件下对这些分离株进行评估。
