Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Straße 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Feb 6;23(1):260. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15047-6.
The personal, environmental, and behavioral risk factors that play an important role in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 are still largely unclear. At the same time, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of specific countermeasures for SARS-CoV-2. As a first approach to these questions, we use data from the Cologne Corona Surveillance (CoCoS) study, a large cross-sectional study conducted in Cologne, Germany, in June 2021.
This study was conducted in Cologne, Germany. Six thousand randomly selected Cologne residents who were 18 years of age or older were invited to participate in this study. Participant information was obtained via an online survey. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infections were recorded using self-reports. Sociodemographic and environmental information such as age, sex, living situation were collected. Potential SARS-CoV-2 risk behaviors were captured (workplace situation, adherence to hygiene regulations, and regular use of public transportation). Adherence to hygiene regulations was surveyed by determining the compliance with the 'AHA'-rules (German acronym that stands for keeping a distance of 1.5 m from fellow citizens, hand disinfection, and wearing a face mask). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A sample of 2,433 study participants provided information. Comparison of the sample with the general population showed representativeness for most sociodemographic characteristics with a preference for higher level of education in the study sample. Younger age, as well as living with minor children (under 18 years) in the same household were associated with a higher number of self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infections. Adherence to hygiene regulations was associated with fewer self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infections in adults. Gender, size of living space per person, workplace situation (work from home versus working with contact to colleagues/customers), and regular use of public transportation showed no significant association with self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infections in multivariable analysis.
The presented results provide initial indications of which sociodemographic and behavioral factors may be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the fact that these factors were recorded without exact dates and could have changed accordingly during the pandemic or after infection limits the strength of the results.
DRKS.de, German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), Identifier: DRKS00024046, Registered on 25 February 2021.
个人、环境和行为风险因素在 SARS-CoV-2 的传播中起着重要作用，但这些因素仍很大程度上不清楚。同时，针对 SARS-CoV-2 的具体对策的有效性证据有限。作为对这些问题的初步探讨，我们使用了 2021 年 6 月在德国科隆进行的大型横断面研究科隆冠状病毒监测（CoCoS）研究的数据。
本研究在德国科隆进行。随机邀请了 6000 名年龄在 18 岁或以上的科隆居民参加这项研究。参与者的信息是通过在线调查获得的。通过自我报告记录以前的 SARS-CoV-2 感染情况。收集了年龄、性别、居住情况等社会人口学和环境信息。还记录了潜在的 SARS-CoV-2 风险行为（工作场所情况、遵守卫生规定和定期使用公共交通工具）。通过确定遵守“保持 1.5 米距离、手部消毒和戴口罩”的 AHA 规则，调查了遵守卫生规定的情况。采用二元逻辑回归分析识别 SARS-CoV-2 感染的危险因素。
2433 名研究参与者提供了信息。将样本与一般人群进行比较，发现大多数社会人口学特征具有代表性，研究样本中偏好受教育程度较高。年龄较小，以及与 18 岁以下的未成年子女同住一屋，与自我报告的 SARS-CoV-2 感染人数较多有关。成年人遵守卫生规定与自我报告的 SARS-CoV-2 感染人数减少有关。在多变量分析中，性别、人均居住空间大小、工作场所情况（在家工作与与同事/客户接触工作）和定期使用公共交通工具与自我报告的 SARS-CoV-2 感染无显著关联。
本研究结果初步表明哪些社会人口学和行为因素可能与 SARS-CoV-2 感染有关。然而，这些因素是在没有确切日期的情况下记录的，并且可能在大流行期间或感染后相应地发生了变化，这限制了结果的强度。
DRKS.de，德国临床试验注册处（DRKS），标识符：DRKS00024046，于 2021 年 2 月 25 日注册。
