Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (a Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Department of Agriculture Science, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Feb 3;102(5):e30284. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030284.
The primary target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the respiratory system including the nose and lungs, however, it can also damage the kidneys, cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal system. Many recent reports suggested that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections can also affect the central nervous system as well as peripheral nervous system that lead to the several neurological complications. The virus can break the blood brain barrier and enters the brain via haematological route or directly by the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors present on endothelial cells of many cerebral tissues. The neurological complications are manifested by headache, dizziness, encephalopathy, encephalitis, cerebrovascular disease, anosmia, hypogeusia, muscle damage, etc. This review article described the possible routes and mechanism of nervous system infection and the range of neurological complications of COVID-19 that may help the medical practitioners and researchers to improve the clinical treatment and reduce the mortality rate among patients with viral diseases.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 的主要靶标是呼吸系统，包括鼻子和肺部，但它也会损害肾脏、心血管系统和胃肠道系统。最近的许多报告表明，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 感染也会影响中枢神经系统和周围神经系统，导致多种神经系统并发症。病毒可以破坏血脑屏障，并通过血液途径或通过存在于许多脑组织内皮细胞上的血管紧张素转换酶 2 受体直接进入大脑。神经系统并发症表现为头痛、头晕、脑病、脑炎、脑血管病、嗅觉丧失、味觉减退、肌肉损伤等。本文综述了新型冠状病毒可能的神经系统感染途径和机制以及新型冠状病毒感染引起的神经系统并发症范围，这可能有助于临床医生和研究人员改善对病毒性疾病患者的临床治疗，降低死亡率。
