Shitindi Getrude W, Millanzi Walter C, Herman Patricia Z
Department of Nursing Management and Education, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Contracept Reprod Med. 2023 Feb 8;8(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s40834-022-00208-6.
Unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) inclusive, have remained to be a significant public health challenges among young people, especially across middle and low-income countries. Self-efficacy on the right ways of using condoms appears to be effective against the aforementioned health-related problems. However, most women of reproductive age tend not to use them when they are using highly effective contraceptives such as implants, and/or injectable hormones. It is unknown whether the uptake of female condoms among young girls is significantly high or not. Examining female students' perceived motivators, knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported and intentional female condom practice in training institutions seems to be a key precursor in addressing the challenge.
The institutional-based analytical cross-sectional survey in a quantitative research approach was adopted to study 384 randomly selected female students from higher training institutions, in Tanzania. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaires from previous studies were the main data collection tools. Data analysis was done using a statistical package for social science (SPSS) with the strength of statistical limits set at a 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level.
The response rate of the study was 100% with 24 ± 2.122 years respondents' mean age while and 32.7% of them were in the third year of their studies. Only 6.2% of the respondents reported having used female condoms while 26.3% of them have not ever seen packages of female condoms. The minority of the respondents (21.7%, 23.3%, and 9.4%) demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitude, and intention to use female condoms respectively. Their age, accommodation, marital status, peer groups, previous training, knowledge, and attitude related significantly to their intentional practices of female condom use (p < 0.05).
Given the existing governmental and non-governmental efforts that advocate awareness creation and the uptake of various contraceptives, this study has found that knowledge, attitude, self-reported and intentional practices of female students admitted in higher training institutions within Dodoma region, Tanzania is low. Institutionalized educational programs on sexual and reproductive health matters may need to be prioritized to increase the availability, accessibility, and uptake of female condoms among female students in higher training institutions.
意外怀孕和包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）在内的性传播感染（STIs），仍然是年轻人面临的重大公共卫生挑战，尤其是在中低收入国家。正确使用避孕套的自我效能似乎对上述与健康相关的问题有效。然而，大多数育龄妇女在使用高效避孕方法（如植入物和/或注射用激素）时往往不使用避孕套。年轻女孩中女用避孕套的使用率是否显著较高尚不清楚。在培训机构中调查女学生对使用女用避孕套的感知动机、知识、态度以及自我报告和有意使用情况，似乎是应对这一挑战的关键前提。
采用基于机构的定量分析横断面调查，对坦桑尼亚高等培训机构中随机抽取的384名女学生进行研究。以前研究中由访谈员管理的结构化问卷是主要的数据收集工具。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）进行数据分析，统计限度设定为95%置信区间和5%显著性水平。
研究的回复率为100%，受访者的平均年龄为24±2.122岁，其中32.7%处于学习的第三年。只有6.2%的受访者报告使用过女用避孕套，而26.3%的受访者从未见过女用避孕套包装。少数受访者（分别为21.7%、23.3%和9.4%）表现出对女用避孕套有良好的知识、积极的态度和使用意愿。她们的年龄、住宿情况、婚姻状况、同伴群体、以前的培训、知识和态度与她们有意使用女用避孕套的行为显著相关（p<0.05）。
鉴于现有的政府和非政府机构都在努力倡导提高认识和推广各种避孕方法，本研究发现，坦桑尼亚多多马地区高等培训机构中女学生对女用避孕套的知识、态度、自我报告和有意使用情况较低。可能需要优先开展关于性健康和生殖健康问题的制度化教育项目，以提高高等培训机构中女学生对女用避孕套的可获得性、可及性和使用率。
