Ali Mwanaali H, Seif Saada A, Kibusi Stephen M
Department of Clinical Nursing, The University of Dodoma-Tanzania.
Department of Nursing Management and Education, The University of Dodoma-Tanzania.
East Afr Health Res J. 2022;6(2):147-154. doi: 10.24248/eahrj.v6i2.693. Epub 2022 Nov 30.
Assessing the influence of fear during pregnancy, labour, and delivery on birth outcomes among women is very important. Normally, women experience happiness during pregnancy, but some may develop fear which may cause maternal and neonatal complications. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of fear during pregnancy, labour and delivery on birth outcome among post-delivery women in Zanzibar.
This was a matched case-control study involving 204 post-delivery women who were randomly selected from 4 hospitals in Zanzibar. Cases (n=68) were those who experienced a negative birth outcome, whether maternal, fetal, or both. The control group (n=136) had normal birth outcomes. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and was analyzed using SPSS whereby percentages, chi-square test, and odds ratio results were reported.
Among cases, 27(39.7%) had high level of fear during pregnancy compared to the control group, 75(40.4%). During labour, 29(42.6%) of cases had high level of fear, and in control, 55(42.4%). And during delivery 35(51.4%) of cases had highest level of fear, while only 47(34.5%) of control had high level of fear. The chi-square test showed only fear during delivery was significantly associated with undesirable birth outcomes. Women who experienced a high level of fear during delivery were 2 times more likely to have undesirable birth outcomes (AOR=1.941, ) after adjusting for other variables.
This study established that most women experience high level of fear during pregnancy, labour and delivery. A high level of fear during delivery is associated with having negative birth outcomes, but not during pregnancy and labour. The findings are of clinical importance as they highlight the need to integrate a universal screening intervention into antenatal care services for early management.
评估孕期、分娩期恐惧对女性分娩结局的影响非常重要。通常情况下，女性在孕期会感到幸福，但有些女性可能会产生恐惧，这可能导致母婴并发症。本研究的目的是确定桑给巴尔产后女性孕期、分娩期恐惧对分娩结局的影响。
这是一项匹配病例对照研究，涉及从桑给巴尔4家医院随机选取的204名产后女性。病例组（n = 68）为经历不良分娩结局的女性，包括母体、胎儿或两者均不良。对照组（n = 136）分娩结局正常。采用自填式问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS进行分析，报告百分比、卡方检验和比值比结果。
病例组中，27例（39.7%）在孕期有高度恐惧，而对照组为75例（40.4%）。分娩期，病例组29例（42.6%）有高度恐惧，对照组55例（42.4%）。分娩时，病例组35例（51.4%）有最高程度的恐惧，而对照组只有47例（34.5%）有高度恐惧。卡方检验显示，只有分娩期恐惧与不良分娩结局显著相关。在调整其他变量后，分娩期经历高度恐惧的女性出现不良分娩结局的可能性高出2倍（调整后比值比=1.941）。
本研究表明，大多数女性在孕期、分娩期经历高度恐惧。分娩期高度恐惧与不良分娩结局相关，但孕期和分娩期则不然。这些发现具有临床重要性，因为它们强调了将普遍筛查干预纳入产前护理服务以进行早期管理的必要性。
