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科学劳动力文化的转变——科学领域中女性和女孩的变革。

The shifting culture of the scientific workforce - a change for women and girls in science.

机构信息

NYU Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

出版信息

Dis Model Mech. 2023 Feb 1;16(2). doi: 10.1242/dmm.050111. Epub 2023 Feb 9.

DOI:10.1242/dmm.050111
PMID:36752155
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9932792/
Abstract

Celebrating, educating and mobilizing the global community to achieve equality for women and girls in science is recognized worldwide each February 11 on the International Day of Women and Girls in Science. This day serves as a rousing call for people of all genders to gain unfettered access to opportunities to become successful, engaged and productive scientists. One strategy to achieve this is to develop policies to ensure that all people can pursue science education, training and careers, unimpeded by their sex, gender and gender identity. Another strategy is to assure representation of women and non-binary people at every level of the scientific workforce. Collectively, these strategies and other important efforts are shifting the global mindset to one where women and girls are recognized as vital, capable and innovative contributors to disciplines that have historically been dominated by men. These male-dominated disciplines have evolved cultural norms rooted in masculine stereotypes and the next challenge is to continue this shift away from a scientific culture in which hypercompetitive, individualistic, solo artists work alone in single-minded pursuit of a breakthrough. Instead, the reality is that contemporary biomedical scientific research is a cosmopolitan culture; one where breakthroughs depend on collaboration, where data sharing is the norm and where all are encouraged to contribute their best ideas to help solve science's most vexing and exciting problems.

摘要

每年 2 月 11 日是国际妇女和女童参与科学日,在这一天,全球各地都在庆祝、教育和动员全球社区,努力实现妇女和女童在科学领域的平等。这一天呼吁所有性别群体都能不受限制地获得机会,成为成功、积极参与和富有成效的科学家。实现这一目标的策略之一是制定政策,确保所有人都能不受性别、性别认同的影响,自由地接受科学教育、培训和从事科学职业。另一个策略是确保在各级科学劳动力中都有妇女和非二元性别者的代表。这些策略和其他重要努力共同推动了全球观念的转变,使人们认识到妇女和女孩是各个学科的重要、有能力和创新的贡献者,而这些学科在历史上一直由男性主导。这些由男性主导的学科已经形成了根植于男性刻板印象的文化规范,下一个挑战是继续摆脱这种科学文化,这种文化中竞争激烈、以个人主义为导向、单打独斗的个体独自追求突破。相反,现实是当代生物医学科学研究是一种国际化的文化;突破取决于合作,数据共享是常态,鼓励所有人贡献自己的最佳想法,帮助解决科学中最棘手和令人兴奋的问题。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7741/9932792/c0f2bb49f8cb/dmm-16-050111-g1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7741/9932792/c0f2bb49f8cb/dmm-16-050111-g1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7741/9932792/c0f2bb49f8cb/dmm-16-050111-g1.jpg

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Pay gap widens between female and male scientists in North America.北美地区男女科学家之间的薪酬差距正在扩大。
Nature. 2021 Feb;590(7847):677. doi: 10.1038/d41586-021-00387-3.
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Historical comparison of gender inequality in scientific careers across countries and disciplines.各国和各学科科学职业中性别不平等的历史比较。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Mar 3;117(9):4609-4616. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1914221117. Epub 2020 Feb 18.
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The changing career trajectories of new parents in STEM.新父母在 STEM 领域职业轨迹的变化。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Mar 5;116(10):4182-4187. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1810862116. Epub 2019 Feb 19.
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Without inclusion, diversity initiatives may not be enough.没有包容性,多元化举措可能是不够的。
Science. 2017 Sep 15;357(6356):1101-1102. doi: 10.1126/science.aai9054.
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National hiring experiments reveal 2:1 faculty preference for women on STEM tenure track.全国性招聘实验表明,在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)终身教职岗位上,教员对女性的偏好比例为2比1。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Apr 28;112(17):5360-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1418878112. Epub 2015 Apr 13.