Graduate Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Program, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Department of Radiology, CES University and RADEX 3D Specialized Radiology Center, Medellín, Colombia.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2023 Apr;45(4):417-429. doi: 10.1007/s00276-023-03090-2. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
This study aimed to determine which patient-related, anatomical, pathologic, or iatrogenic variables may be directly associated with and which may have a modifying effect on the generation of maxillary sinus (MS) mucosal thickenings.
A total of 278 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained from 114 males and 164 females were evaluated. The protocol included the assessment of 21 candidate variables, of which 18 were bilateral and 3 were unique. The relationship among the study variables and the mucosal thickenings were examined individually and adjusted for confounding using univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression models.
The prevalence of mucosal thickenings was 71.20% at patient level and 53.40% at sinus level. The ostium height > 28.15 mm, the infundibulum length ≤ 9.55 mm, the infundibulum width ≤ 0.50 mm, along the occurrence of periapical lesions and slight-to-severe periodontal bone loss acted as strong/independent risk variables for MS mucosal thickenings. Confounding and interaction relationships between MS height and depth, and between the alveolar process type and the presence of foreign materials with respect to age stratum > 47.50 years might be also associated with the mucosal thickenings.
While increased ostium height, decreased infundibulum length/width, the presence of periapical lesions and periodontal involvement might be the foremost indicator variables for MS mucosal thickenings, there are synergistic relationships among the increased sinus height and depth as well as aging regarding atrophic/partially atrophic alveolar process status and the presence of foreign materials that may be also associated with a greater proportion of these mucosal abnormalities.
本研究旨在确定哪些与患者相关的、解剖学的、病理学的或医源性的变量可能直接相关，以及哪些变量可能对上颌窦（MS）黏膜增厚的产生具有修饰作用。
共评估了 114 名男性和 164 名女性的 278 例锥形束 CT（CBCT）扫描。该方案包括评估 21 个候选变量，其中 18 个为双侧变量，3 个为单侧变量。使用单变量和多变量二元逻辑回归模型，分别检查研究变量与黏膜增厚之间的关系，并调整混杂因素。
患者层面的黏膜增厚患病率为 71.20%，鼻窦层面的黏膜增厚患病率为 53.40%。窦口高度>28.15mm、漏斗长度≤9.55mm、漏斗宽度≤0.50mm、根尖病变的发生以及轻度至重度牙周骨丧失是 MS 黏膜增厚的强/独立危险因素。上颌窦高度和深度之间以及牙槽突类型与是否存在异物之间的混杂和相互作用关系，可能与年龄>47.50 岁的患者的黏膜增厚有关。
虽然窦口高度增加、漏斗长度/宽度减小、根尖病变和牙周病变的发生可能是 MS 黏膜增厚的首要指示变量，但上颌窦高度和深度的增加以及牙槽突状态的萎缩/部分萎缩和存在异物与年龄的关系，可能与这些黏膜异常的更大比例有关。
