Rebelo André, Pereira João R, Martinho Diogo V, Amorim Gerson, Lima Ricardo, Valente-Dos Santos João
CIDEFES, Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física e Exercício e Saúde, Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon,Portugal.
COD, Center of Sports Optimization, Sporting Clube de Portugal, Lisbon,Portugal.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2023 Feb 8;18(4):354-362. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0279. Print 2023 Apr 1.
Most high-intensity bouts of exercise in volleyball consist of jumping activities, which are responsible for inducing muscle damage, high levels of fatigue, and muscle soreness. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to quantify and analyze the training loads, neuromuscular fatigue, and perceptual well-being of a 5-week in-season mesocycle carried out by a professional male volleyball team.
Fifteen volleyball players (age 28.51 [5.39] y; height 193.19 [9.87] cm; body mass 88.46 [13.18] kg) participated in this study. Internal training load assessed through the rating of perceived exertion, external training load (ETL; evaluated using an inertial motion unit), countermovement jump (CMJ) height and peak power, and wellness questionnaire responses were obtained from all athletes.
Results indicated a progressive decrease of the internal training load during the week and by the undulatory pattern of the ETL during the microcycles. Moreover, training monotony increased across the microcycles and was negatively associated with CMJ peak power (r = -.681, P < .05). Finally, sleep quality (ρ = -.747, P < .01) and fatigue (ρ = -.789, P < .01) were negatively associated with weekly ETL.
This study indicated that sleep quality and fatigue were negatively associated with weekly ETL. Therefore, decreases in weekly ETL might be needed to improve sleep quality and decrease fatigue in professional volleyball players. Plus, higher values of training monotony were associated with lower values of CMJ peak power. Consequently, avoiding training monotony might be important to improve jumping performance in professional volleyball athletes.
排球运动中大多数高强度运动都包含跳跃活动，这些活动会导致肌肉损伤、高度疲劳和肌肉酸痛。因此，本研究的目的是量化和分析一支职业男子排球队在为期5周的赛季中期循环训练中的训练负荷、神经肌肉疲劳和感知幸福感。
15名排球运动员（年龄28.51[5.39]岁；身高193.19[9.87]厘米；体重88.46[13.18]千克）参与了本研究。通过感知运动用力程度评估内部训练负荷，通过惯性运动单元评估外部训练负荷（ETL），并获取所有运动员的反向移动跳跃（CMJ）高度和峰值功率以及健康问卷回复。
结果表明，一周内内部训练负荷逐渐降低，且在各个微周期中ETL呈波动模式。此外，训练单调性在微周期中增加，并且与CMJ峰值功率呈负相关（r = -0.681，P < 0.05）。最后，睡眠质量（ρ = -0.747，P < 0.01）和疲劳（ρ = -0.789，P < 0.01）与每周ETL呈负相关。
本研究表明，睡眠质量和疲劳与每周ETL呈负相关。因此，可能需要降低每周ETL以改善职业排球运动员的睡眠质量并减轻疲劳。此外，训练单调性较高与CMJ峰值功率较低相关。因此，避免训练单调性对于提高职业排球运动员的跳跃表现可能很重要。
