Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2020 May 1;15(5):731-740. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0251.
The purposes of this study were to (1) analyze the variations of acute and chronic training load and well-being measures during 3 periods of the season (early, mid, and end) and (2) test the associations between weekly training load and well-being measures during different periods of the season.
Thirteen professional volleyball players from a team competing in the Portuguese Volleyball First Division (age 31.0 [5.0] y) were monitored during an entire season. Weekly acute (wAL) and chronic load (wCL), acute to chronic workload ratio (wACWL), and training monotony (wTM) were calculated during all weeks of the season. The weekly values of muscle soreness (wDOMS), stress (wStress), fatigue (wFatigue), sleep (wSleep), and Hooper index (wHI) were also obtained across the season.
The midseason had meaningfully low values of wAL (-26.9%; effect size [ES]: -1.12) and wCL (-28.0%; ES: -2.81), and greater values of wACWL (+38.9%; ES: 2.81) compared with early season. The wCL (+10.6%; ES: 0.99), wStress (44.6%; ES: 0.87), and wHI (29.0%; ES: 0.62) were meaningfully greater during the end of season than in midseason. Overall, wAL presented very large correlations with wDOMS (r = .80), wSleep (r = .72), and wFatigue (r = .82).
The results of this study suggest that the load was meaningfully higher during early season; however, stress was higher during the final stages of the season. Overall, it was also found that the acute load is more highly correlated with well-being status and its variations than chronic load or training monotony.
本研究的目的是：(1)分析赛季早期、中期和晚期 3 个时期的急性和慢性训练负荷及健康状况变化；(2)检验不同时期每周训练负荷与健康状况之间的关系。
监测参加葡萄牙排球甲级联赛的 13 名职业排球运动员(年龄 31.0[5.0]岁)整个赛季的情况。计算了整个赛季所有周的每周急性训练负荷(wAL)和慢性训练负荷(wCL)、急性至慢性训练负荷比(wACWL)和训练单调(wTM)。还在整个赛季中获得每周肌肉酸痛(wDOMS)、压力(wStress)、疲劳(wFatigue)、睡眠(wSleep)和胡珀指数(wHI)的每周值。
与早期相比，中期的 wAL(-26.9%；ES：-1.12)和 wCL(-28.0%；ES：-2.81)明显较低，wACWL 较高(38.9%；ES：2.81)。与中期相比，末期的 wCL(+10.6%；ES：0.99)、wStress(44.6%；ES：0.87)和 wHI(29.0%；ES：0.62)显著较高。总体而言，wAL 与 wDOMS(r =.80)、wSleep(r =.72)和 wFatigue(r =.82)呈极强相关性。
本研究结果表明，早期的负荷明显较高，而末期的压力较高。总的来说，还发现急性负荷与健康状况及其变化的相关性高于慢性负荷或训练单调。
