Vikal Sagar, Gautam Yogendra K, Meena Swati, Parewa Vijay, Kumar Ashwani, Kumar Ajay, Meena Sushila, Kumar Sanjay, Singh Beer Pal
Smart Materials and Sensor Laboratory, Department of Physics, Ch. Charan Singh University Meerut 250004 Uttar Pradesh India
Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan Jaipur India
Nanoscale Adv. 2023 Jan 4;5(3):805-819. doi: 10.1039/d2na00864e. eCollection 2023 Jan 31.
The different dyes used and discharged in industrial settings and microbial pathogenic issues have raised serious concerns about the content of bodies of water and the impact that dyes and microbes have on the environment and human health. Efficient treatment of contaminated water is thus a major challenge that is of great interest to researchers around the world. In the present work, we have fabricated functionalized silver-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Ag-doped ZnO NPs) a hydrothermal method for wastewater treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the doping of Ag with ZnO NPs, and X-ray diffractometry analysis showed a decreasing trend in the crystallite size of the synthesized ZnO NPs with increased Ag concentration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy study of pure ZnO NPs and Ag-doped ZnO NPs revealed nanocrystal aggregates with mixed morphologies, such as hexagonal and rod-shaped structures. Distribution of Ag on the ZnO lattice is confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. ZnO NPs with 4 wt% Ag doping showed a maximum degradation of ∼95% in 1.5 h of malachite green dye (80 mg L) under visible light and ∼85% in 4 h under dark conditions. Up to five successive treatment cycles using the 4 wt% Ag-doped ZnO NP nanocatalyst confirmed its reusability, as it was still capable of degrading ∼86% and 82% of the dye under visible light and dark conditions, respectively. This limits the risk of nanotoxicity and aids the cost-effectiveness of the overall treatment process. The synthesized NPs showed antibacterial activity in a dose-dependent manner. The zone of inhibition of the Ag-doped ZnO NPs was higher than that of the pure ZnO NPs for all doping content. The studied Ag-doped ZnO NPs thus offer a significant eco-friendly route for the effective treatment of water contaminated with synthetic dyes and fecal bacterial load.
在工业环境中使用和排放的各种染料以及微生物致病问题，引发了人们对水体成分以及染料和微生物对环境与人类健康影响的严重担忧。因此，高效处理受污染的水是一项重大挑战，受到了全球研究人员的广泛关注。在本研究中，我们采用水热法制备了功能化的银掺杂氧化锌纳米颗粒（Ag掺杂的ZnO NPs）用于废水处理。X射线光电子能谱分析证实了Ag与ZnO NPs的掺杂，X射线衍射分析表明，随着Ag浓度的增加，合成的ZnO NPs的微晶尺寸呈下降趋势。对纯ZnO NPs和Ag掺杂的ZnO NPs进行场发射扫描电子显微镜研究，发现了具有混合形态的纳米晶体聚集体，如六边形和棒状结构。高分辨率透射电子显微镜分析证实了Ag在ZnO晶格上的分布。掺杂4 wt% Ag的ZnO NPs在可见光下1.5小时内对孔雀石绿染料（80 mg/L）的降解率最高可达约95%，在黑暗条件下4小时内可达约85%。使用4 wt% Ag掺杂的ZnO NP纳米催化剂进行多达五个连续的处理循环，证实了其可重复使用性，因为它在可见光和黑暗条件下仍分别能够降解约86%和82%的染料。这限制了纳米毒性风险，并有助于提高整个处理过程的成本效益。合成的纳米颗粒呈现出剂量依赖性的抗菌活性。对于所有掺杂含量，Ag掺杂的ZnO NPs的抑菌圈都高于纯ZnO NPs。因此，所研究的Ag掺杂的ZnO NPs为有效处理受合成染料和粪便细菌负荷污染的水提供了一条重要的环保途径。
