College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of River and Lake Biochain Construction and Resource Utilization, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Environ Technol. 2024 May;45(12):2459-2470. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2176261. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are widespread in aquaculture and pose a huge threat to aquaculture organisms and human health. In this study, occurrences and relative abundances of ARGs were analysed in the guts of products cultured in freshwater ponds in the Yangtze River Delta region in China. A total of 29 ARGs were found in the gut samples, with detection frequencies ranging from 4.8% to 81%, and the relative abundances (ARGs/16S rRNA) ranging from 10 to 1. In addition, the human dietary intake of ARGs via aquaculture products was assessed, where the daily intake of most ARGs via aquaculture products was higher than those via PM2.5 and drinking water, but lower than that via vegetables. The relative abundances of MGE (IS613, Tp614, tnpA and int1) were significantly correlated with those of multiple ARGs, indicating the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs among gut microorganisms. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominated microbial communities found in the guts of aquaculture products. In addition, significant correlations were found between Cyanobacteria and int1, between Nitrospira and tetE, and between sul2 and aadA2, indicating potential same hosts of these genes. In addition, results from co-correlation indicated both HGT (dominated by MGEs) of ARGs and the enrichment of ARGs in bacteria. MGEs, mostly int1, were more effective than bacteria in increasing the ARG abundance. This study could provide a better understanding of the transmission of ARGs in the aquaculture environment and improve the quality of aquaculture products and the ecology.
抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）广泛存在于水产养殖中，对水产养殖生物和人类健康构成巨大威胁。本研究分析了中国长江三角洲地区淡水池塘养殖产品肠道中 ARGs 的存在情况和相对丰度。在肠道样本中发现了 29 种 ARGs，检出率为 4.8%81%，相对丰度（ARGs/16S rRNA）为 101。此外，评估了通过养殖水产品摄入 ARGs 的人类饮食情况，发现通过养殖水产品摄入大多数 ARGs 的日摄入量高于通过 PM2.5 和饮用水摄入的量，但低于通过蔬菜摄入的量。移动遗传元件（IS613、Tp614、tnpA 和 int1）的相对丰度与多种 ARGs 的相对丰度显著相关，表明 ARGs 在肠道微生物之间发生了水平基因转移（HGT）。养殖产品肠道中主要的微生物群落为变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门。此外，还发现蓝藻与 int1、硝化螺旋菌与 tetE、以及 sul2 与 aadA2 之间存在显著相关性，表明这些基因的潜在相同宿主。共相关分析结果表明，ARGs 的 HGT（主要由 MGE 介导）和细菌中 ARGs 的富集同时发生。MGEs（主要是 int1）比细菌更有效地增加 ARG 丰度。本研究可以更好地了解 ARGs 在水产养殖环境中的传播，提高养殖产品质量和生态。
