Department of Anthropology, Room No. 1317 Pavilion 1, 3/F Palma Hall, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines; Development Studies Program, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City 1106, Philippines.
Int J Drug Policy. 2023 Mar;113:103961. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.103961. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
With the stated aims of promoting "drug-free" campuses and "instilling in the minds of students" that drugs are harmful, drug testing in schools has been a feature of the Philippines' punitive drug regime for two decades, gaining prominence during the Duterte administration's war on drugs (2016-2022). Drawing on key informant interviews and a desk review of news articles and official documents, this paper presents a historical overview of this policy as well as its impacts on students, educational institutions, and Philippine society. The paper finds that the group most affected by drug testing in schools are the students themselves, who are placed at risk of discrimination and alienation. Schools are also affected by the policy, as it requires expending their human and financial resources. More broadly, the policy perpetuates longstanding popular notions on drugs, children, and the overall idea that individuals carry the "burden of proof" to demonstrate their worthiness for societal inclusion. Drug testing in Philippine schools is ineffective and misguided in its objectives, but it has received widespread support because of its social and political efficacies.
为了实现“无毒校园”和“向学生灌输毒品有害”的既定目标，在菲律宾的禁毒政策中，学校毒品检测已经存在了二十年，在杜特尔特政府的禁毒战争（2016-2022 年）期间尤为突出。本文通过对关键知情人的访谈和对新闻文章及官方文件的桌面审查，对这一政策进行了历史概述，以及其对学生、教育机构和菲律宾社会的影响。研究发现，受学校毒品检测影响最大的群体是学生本身，他们面临歧视和疏远的风险。学校也受到该政策的影响，因为它需要投入人力和财力。更广泛地说，该政策延续了长期以来关于毒品、儿童以及个人需要承担“举证责任”来证明自己值得被社会包容的普遍观念。菲律宾学校的毒品检测在目标上是无效和错误的，但由于其社会和政治效力，它得到了广泛的支持。
