Zhang Shaoliang, Wang Wan, Yan Pengke, Wang Jiuqi, Yan Sihua, Liu Xiaobing, Aurangzeib Muhammad
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 May 1;333:117412. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117412. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
Plastics production has been increasing over years, while their recycling rate is lower, resulting in huge amounts of microplastics (MP) accumulating in the environment. Although the environmental behaviors of MPs have been focused on in recent years, the migration, distribution and adverse effects of MPs in terrestrial and aquatic environments are still not systematically understood. In this review, based on the newest publications from the core database of the Web of Science, both the migration and distribution of MPs were summarized, as well as MPs transfer in biota and their biological effects were also focused on. Generally, the complicated and numerous pathways of MPs migration lead to their distribution throughout or nearly all environments on a global scale. However, the migration mechanisms of MPs with various sizes, shapes, and colors by physicochemical and biological processes, and the prediction models of MP migration and distribution, are deficient, despite these properties being highly related to MPs migration and bio-safety. Although MPs have already invaded microorganisms, plants, animals, and even human beings, the biological effects still need more study, so far as their sizes and shapes and also their composition and adsorption are concerned. Moreover, based on the highlights and deficiencies of current studies, further studies have also been proposed. This review aims to help people re-evaluate the uncertain behaviors of MPs in various environments, and could be helpful to fully understand their biological effects in different environmental conditions.
多年来，塑料产量一直在增加，而其回收率却较低，导致大量微塑料（MP）在环境中积累。尽管近年来微塑料的环境行为受到了关注，但微塑料在陆地和水生环境中的迁移、分布及不利影响仍未得到系统的认识。在这篇综述中，基于科学网核心数据库的最新出版物，总结了微塑料的迁移和分布情况，同时也关注了微塑料在生物群中的转移及其生物学效应。一般来说，微塑料复杂多样的迁移途径导致其在全球范围内分布于整个或几乎所有环境中。然而，尽管微塑料的大小、形状和颜色等性质与它们的迁移和生物安全性高度相关，但通过物理化学和生物过程，不同大小、形状和颜色的微塑料的迁移机制以及微塑料迁移和分布的预测模型仍然不足。尽管微塑料已经侵入微生物、植物、动物甚至人类，但就其大小、形状以及组成和吸附而言，其生物学效应仍需要更多研究。此外，基于当前研究的亮点和不足，还提出了进一步的研究建议。这篇综述旨在帮助人们重新评估微塑料在各种环境中的不确定行为，并有助于全面了解它们在不同环境条件下的生物学效应。
