Grozeva Snejana, Stoianova Desislava, Konstantinov Fedor, Simov Nikolay, Kuznetsova Valentina G
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tsar Osvoboditel 1, Sofia, Bulgaria Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria.
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia.
Zookeys. 2022 Dec 19;1136:71-123. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1136.96431. eCollection 2022.
The structure of testes and ovaries can be described in its simplest form by the number of follicles and ovarioles they contain. Sixty-five years after the last review of the internal reproductive systems in true bugs (Heteroptera), the data accumulated today on the number of testicular follicles and ovarioles in their gonads are summarized. In addition, data on the number and type (mesadenia/ectadenia) of accessory glands are given. The hemipteran suborder Heteroptera constitutes one of the most diverse groups of non-homometabolous ('Hemimetabola') insects, comprising more than 40,000 described species worldwide and approximately 100 families, classified into seven infraorders. Data are available for all infraorders; however, more than 90% of studied species belong to the largest and most evolutionarily derived infraorders Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha. In true bugs, in general, the number of follicles varies from one to nine (in a testis), and the number of ovarioles varies from two to 24 (in an ovary). Seven follicles per testis and seven ovarioles per ovary prevail being found in approximately 43.5% (307 species) and 24.4% (367 species) of studied species, respectively. Such a structure of testes and ovaries is considered an ancestral character state in the Heteroptera. In the evolution of this group, the number of follicles and ovarioles both increased and decreased, but the trend towards a decrease clearly prevailed.
睾丸和卵巢的结构可以用它们所含卵泡和卵巢小管的数量以最简单的形式来描述。在对真蝽（半翅目）内部生殖系统的上一次综述过去65年后，总结了如今积累的关于其性腺中睾丸卵泡和卵巢小管数量的数据。此外，还给出了附腺的数量和类型（中腺/外腺）的数据。半翅目异翅亚目是最具多样性的不完全变态（“半变态”）昆虫类群之一，全世界已描述的物种超过40000种，约100个科，分为七个下目。所有下目的数据均有可得；然而，超过90%的研究物种属于最大且在进化上最衍生的下目——臭虫型下目和蝽型下目。一般来说，在真蝽中，卵泡数量（在一个睾丸中）从1到9不等，卵巢小管数量（在一个卵巢中）从2到24不等。每个睾丸有7个卵泡和每个卵巢有7个卵巢小管的情况最为常见，分别在约43.5%（307种）和24.4%（367种）的研究物种中被发现。这种睾丸和卵巢的结构被认为是异翅亚目的原始特征状态。在该类群的进化过程中，卵泡和卵巢小管的数量既有增加也有减少，但减少的趋势明显占主导。
