Harris Emily A, Griffiths Scott
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
Body Image. 2023 Jun;45:34-45. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.01.007. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Masculine men are more likely to idealise being tall, muscular, and lean. Feminine men, on the other hand, are more likely to idealise leanness. At the trait level, masculinity and femininity have been linked with an unhealthy striving for these idealised traits and body dissatisfaction. However, it is unclear how feeling masculine or feminine in the moment might be associated with body satisfaction. Is feeling masculine and/or feminine associated with a boost in body satisfaction? In the first large-scale experience sampling study of masculinity and femininity (n=25,133; N=530), we find that state masculinity and femininity, but not trait, are associated with increased body satisfaction among sexual minority men. We also find a gender congruence effect whereby the positive associations between state masculinity/femininity on body satisfaction are more pronounced when these feelings align with trait levels of masculinity/femininity. Exploratory analyses revealed a moderating effect of eating disorder history. The associations between masculinity and femininity on body satisfaction were amplified for people who had been diagnosed with an eating disorder. This study presents the first evidence that the links between masculinity and femininity and body satisfaction can be delineated based on whether they are measured as traits or states.
阳刚的男性更有可能将高大、强壮和苗条视为理想状态。另一方面，阴柔的男性则更倾向于将苗条视为理想状态。在特质层面，男性气质和女性气质与对这些理想特质的不健康追求以及身体不满情绪有关。然而，目前尚不清楚当下感觉自己阳刚或阴柔与身体满意度之间可能存在怎样的关联。感觉自己阳刚和/或阴柔是否与身体满意度的提升有关？在第一项关于男性气质和女性气质的大规模经验抽样研究中（n = 25,133；N = 530），我们发现，对于性少数群体男性而言，状态性的男性气质和女性气质而非特质性的，与身体满意度的提高有关。我们还发现了一种性别一致性效应，即当状态性的男性气质/女性气质与特质性的男性气质/女性气质水平一致时，它们与身体满意度之间的正相关更为显著。探索性分析揭示了饮食失调史的调节作用。对于被诊断患有饮食失调症的人来说，男性气质和女性气质与身体满意度之间的关联更为明显。这项研究首次证明，男性气质和女性气质与身体满意度之间的联系可以根据它们是作为特质还是状态来衡量而加以区分。
