Kochish Ivan I, Brazhnik Evgeni A, Vorobyov Nikolai I, Nikonov Ilya N, Korenyuga Maxim V, Myasnikova Olga V, Griffin Darren K, Surai Peter F, Romanov Michael N
K. I. Skryabin Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, 109472 Moscow, Russia.
BIOTROF+ Ltd., Pushkin, 196602 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 1;13(3):521. doi: 10.3390/ani13030521.
Elements of fractal analysis are widely used in scientific research, including several biological disciplines. In this study, we hypothesized that chicken breed biodiversity manifests not only at the phenotypic level, but also at the genetic-system level in terms of different profiles of fractal conformity and bioconsolidation in the early myogenesis gene expression. To demonstrate this effect, we developed two mathematical models that describe the fractal nature of the expression of seven key genes in the embryonic breast and thigh muscles in eight breeds of meat, dual purpose, egg and game types. In the first model, we produced breed-specific coefficients of gene expression conformity in each muscle type using the slopes of regression dependencies, as well as an integral myogenesis gene expression index (MGEI). Additionally, breed fractal dimensions and integral myogenesis gene expression fractal dimension index (MGEFDI) were determined. The second gene expression model was based on plotting fractal portraits and calculating indices of fractal bioconsolidation. The bioconsolidation index of myogenesis gene expression correlated with the chick growth rate and nitric oxide (NO) oxidation rate. The proposed fractal models were instrumental in interpreting the genetic diversity of chickens at the level of gene expression for early myogenesis, NO metabolism and the postnatal growth of chicks.
分形分析的元素在科学研究中广泛应用，包括多个生物学学科。在本研究中，我们假设鸡品种的生物多样性不仅表现在表型水平，而且在早期肌生成基因表达的分形一致性和生物巩固的不同特征方面，也表现在遗传系统水平。为了证明这种效应，我们开发了两个数学模型，用于描述八个肉用、兼用、蛋用和斗鸡品种胚胎期胸肌和大腿肌肉中七个关键基因表达的分形性质。在第一个模型中，我们使用回归依赖性的斜率以及肌生成基因表达综合指数（MGEI），得出每种肌肉类型中基因表达一致性的品种特异性系数。此外，还确定了品种分形维数和肌生成基因表达分形维数综合指数（MGEFDI）。第二个基因表达模型基于绘制分形图谱和计算分形生物巩固指数。肌生成基因表达的生物巩固指数与雏鸡生长速率和一氧化氮（NO）氧化速率相关。所提出的分形模型有助于在早期肌生成、NO代谢和雏鸡出生后生长的基因表达水平上解释鸡的遗传多样性。
