Ju Fangyuan, Wang Yujie, Xie Bin, Mi Yunxuan, Zhao Mengyun, Cao Junwei
Department of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225012, China.
Department of Business, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225012, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jan 21;11(3):326. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11030326.
The increase in the number of elderly patients with degenerative diseases has brought additional medical and financial pressures, which are adding to the burden on society. The development of sports rehabilitation robotics (SRR) is becoming increasingly sophisticated at the technical level of its application; however, few studies have analyzed how it works and how effective it is in aiding rehabilitation, and fewer individualized exercise rehabilitation programs have been developed for elderly patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the working methods and the effects of different types of SRR and then to suggest the feasibility of applying SRR to enhance the physical abilities of elderly patients with degenerative diseases. The researcher's team searched 633 English-language journal articles, which had been published over the past five years, and they selected 38 of them for a narrative literature review. Our summary found the following: (1) The current types of SRR are generally classified as end-effector robots, smart walkers, intelligent robotic rollators, and exoskeleton robots-exoskeleton robots were found to be the most widely used. (2) The current working methods include assistant tools as the main intermediaries-i.e., robots assist patients to participate; patients as the main intermediaries-i.e., patients dominate the assistant tools to participate; and sensors as the intermediaries-i.e., myoelectric-driven robots promote patient participation. (3) Better recovery was perceived for elderly patients when using SRR than is generally achieved through the traditional single-movement recovery methods, especially in strength, balance, endurance, and coordination. However, there was no significant improvement in their speed or agility after using SRR.
患有退行性疾病的老年患者数量的增加带来了额外的医疗和经济压力，这加重了社会负担。运动康复机器人技术（SRR）在其应用的技术层面正变得越来越成熟；然而，很少有研究分析其工作方式以及在辅助康复方面的效果如何，而且为老年患者制定的个性化运动康复计划也较少。本研究的目的是分析不同类型的SRR的工作方式及其效果，然后提出应用SRR来提高患有退行性疾病的老年患者身体能力的可行性。研究团队检索了过去五年发表的633篇英文期刊文章，并从中筛选出38篇进行叙述性文献综述。我们的总结发现如下：（1）当前SRR的类型一般分为末端执行器机器人、智能步行器、智能机器人助行器和外骨骼机器人——其中外骨骼机器人的使用最为广泛。（2）当前的工作方式包括以辅助工具为主要中介——即机器人协助患者参与；以患者为主要中介——即患者主导辅助工具来参与；以及以传感器为中介——即肌电驱动的机器人促进患者参与。（3）与传统的单一动作恢复方法相比，老年患者使用SRR时感觉恢复效果更好，尤其是在力量、平衡、耐力和协调性方面。然而，使用SRR后他们的速度或敏捷性并没有显著提高。
