Ju Yumi, Kang Soyoung, Chung Jin-Wook, Ryu Jeh-Kwang
Human Development and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Education Service Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea.
Institute for Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jan 28;11(3):372. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11030372.
This study aimed to characterize the pre-attentional effects on global precedence processing in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with typical development (TD). A sample of 17 participants, comprising eight children with ASD and nine TD children, were recruited for the study. A tablet-based assessment utilizing a global and local visual processing paradigm task was developed to investigate the participant's abilities. The task consisted of verbal instructions to locate and touch either a global or local figure, presented in five conditions: neutral, congruent, and incongruent. The percentage of correct answers and reaction time (RT) for each task were measured and analyzed statistically. Results revealed that children with ASD exhibited statistically significant differences in both the percentage of correct scores and RT among various conditions, while TD children displayed differences in RT but not in the percentage of correct answers. These findings suggest that conflicting processes affect both behavioral and cognitive processes in children with ASD, and that cognitive effort is still involved for children with TD, but does not affect behavioral processes. In children with ASD, the RT was the shortest in the congruent (report local figure) condition; in children with TD, the RT was the shortest in the congruent (report global figure) condition. This implies that children with TD exhibit a pre-attentive effect on global precedence processing, while children with ASD do not. These visual-processing-function characteristics may aid in screening for visual perception problems in children with ASD.
本研究旨在描述自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童和发育正常（TD）儿童在全局优先加工方面的前注意效应。该研究招募了17名参与者，其中包括8名ASD儿童和9名TD儿童。开发了一种基于平板电脑的评估方法，利用全局和局部视觉加工范式任务来研究参与者的能力。该任务包括口头指示，要求参与者定位并触摸呈现于五种条件下的全局或局部图形：中性、一致和不一致。测量并统计分析了每个任务的正确答案百分比和反应时间（RT）。结果显示，ASD儿童在不同条件下的正确得分百分比和RT均存在统计学显著差异，而TD儿童仅在RT上存在差异，在正确答案百分比上无差异。这些发现表明，冲突过程会影响ASD儿童的行为和认知过程，而TD儿童仍涉及认知努力，但不影响行为过程。在ASD儿童中，一致（报告局部图形）条件下的RT最短；在TD儿童中，一致（报告全局图形）条件下的RT最短。这意味着TD儿童在全局优先加工方面表现出前注意效应，而ASD儿童则没有。这些视觉加工功能特征可能有助于筛查ASD儿童的视觉感知问题。
