Department of Sports Medicine, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu-si 11644, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Department of Coaching, Kyunghee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 18;20(3):1758. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031758.
Individuals with disabilities who engage in regular physical activity reduce their risk of diseases such as obesity and heart disease, as well as other risk factors; relieve tense emotions, and improve their quality of life via interaction with others. Despite these advantages, only one out of every four Koreans with a disability engages in physical activity. Grit is the ability to maintain interest and effort towards a goal in the face of adversity and failure. Grit can act as an important factor in increasing the psychological level of individuals with disabilities. We investigated the relationship between basic psychological needs, grit, and the quality of life of disabled individuals to determine if physical activities can improve their quality of life. Our dataset included 296 disabled individuals registered with the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare. Using structural equation modelling, the direct and indirect effects of grit, quality of life, and psychological needs satisfaction such as competence, relatedness, and autonomy were examined. We found that competence positively affects consistency of interests (β = 0.150, t = 1.854), relatedness positively affects consistency of interests (β = 0.354, t = 4.409), and autonomy has no statistically significant effects (β = 0.101, t = 1.086). Second, competence positively affects perseverance of effort (β = 0.249, t = 3.206), autonomy negatively affects perseverance of effort (β = -0.269, t = -2.880), and relatedness has no statistically significant effects (β = -0.017, t = -0.249). Third, autonomy positively affects quality of life (β = 0.214, t = 2.349) while competence and relatedness had no statistically significant effects (β = -0.018, t = -0.208; β = 0.096, t = 1.288). Fourth, consistency of interests positively affects quality of life (β = 0.312, t = 4.191) while perseverance of effort had no statistically significant effects (β = -0.094, t = -1.480). Fifth, competence was found to have positive indirect effects on quality of life through grit. This study underscores the importance of addressing these three basic psychological needs and elements of grit when designing future quality of life interventions for disabled individuals.
个体在参与有规律的体育活动时，可以降低肥胖、心脏病等疾病的发病风险，以及其他风险因素；还可以通过与他人互动来缓解紧张情绪，提高生活质量。尽管存在这些优势，但韩国每四个残疾人中只有一个人参与体育活动。坚毅是指在面对逆境和失败时，仍能保持对目标的兴趣和努力的能力。坚毅可以成为提高残疾人心理水平的一个重要因素。我们调查了残疾个体的基本心理需求、坚毅和生活质量之间的关系，以确定体育活动是否可以提高他们的生活质量。我们的数据集中包括了韩国保健福利部登记的 296 名残疾个体。使用结构方程模型，我们检验了坚毅、生活质量以及能力、关联性和自主性等基本心理需求满足感对残疾个体生活质量的直接和间接影响。我们发现，能力对兴趣一致性有积极影响（β=0.150，t=1.854），关联性对兴趣一致性有积极影响（β=0.354，t=4.409），自主性没有统计学意义（β=0.101，t=1.086）。其次，能力对努力坚持有积极影响（β=0.249，t=3.206），自主性对努力坚持有负面影响（β=-0.269，t=-2.880），关联性没有统计学意义（β=-0.017，t=-0.249）。第三，自主性对生活质量有积极影响（β=0.214，t=2.349），而能力和关联性没有统计学意义（β=-0.018，t=-0.208；β=0.096，t=1.288）。第四，兴趣一致性对生活质量有积极影响（β=0.312，t=4.191），而努力坚持没有统计学意义（β=-0.094，t=-1.480）。第五，能力通过坚毅对生活质量有积极的间接影响。本研究强调，在为残疾个体设计未来的生活质量干预措施时，需要考虑这三个基本心理需求和坚毅的要素。
