Social Marketing @ Griffith, Department of Marketing, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.
Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Level 7 296 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 25;20(3):2145. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032145.
While domestic and family violence against people with disabilities is an ongoing and crucial public health concern, and awareness of the extent of violence against people with disabilities is growing, research on the field is still limited. Thus, the present review aims to systematically identify and synthesize evidence and effectiveness from intervention strategies to increase the awareness and skills of those with disabilities to reduce and prevent domestic and family violence against them.
PRISMA guidelines were followed to perform a systematic search of seven scientific databases to identify the peer-reviewed literature.
A total of 17 eligible studies were identified (14 evaluations and 3 descriptive studies), with most taking place in developed countries. Children and women are the most frequent victims, and they were therefore the most common target audience of the included studies. Sexual, physical, and verbal abuse were the most reported types of abuse, while financial abuse and neglect were studied less often. Interventions also focused on a diversity of disabilities, including learning, intellectual, mental, and physical impairments. Overall, the intervention strategies reflected a substantial homogeneity: focus on training and education as well as setting up channels and facilities for victims to seek help. Nine studies yielded significant positive outcomes using various strategies and techniques, while five studies had mixed results, and three studies only reported on the intervention strategies but did not evaluate the results.
This review confirms a significant gap in the literature on domestic and family violence against people with disabilities and how to prevent and address the violence through evidence-based interventions. Several recommendations to improve future research and practice are proposed.
尽管针对残疾人士的家庭暴力是一个持续存在且至关重要的公共卫生问题，且人们对残疾人士所遭受暴力的程度的认识正在不断提高，但该领域的研究仍然有限。因此，本综述旨在系统地识别和综合干预策略的证据和效果，以提高残疾人士的意识和技能，减少和预防针对他们的家庭暴力。
遵循 PRISMA 指南，在七个科学数据库中进行系统检索，以确定同行评审文献。
共确定了 17 项符合条件的研究（14 项评估和 3 项描述性研究），其中大多数研究发生在发达国家。儿童和妇女是最常见的受害者，因此也是纳入研究的最常见目标人群。性虐待、身体虐待和言语虐待是最常见的虐待类型，而经济虐待和忽视则较少受到研究。干预措施也侧重于多种残疾类型，包括学习、智力、精神和身体障碍。总体而言，干预策略反映出相当大的同质性：侧重于培训和教育，以及为受害者提供寻求帮助的渠道和设施。九项研究采用各种策略和技术取得了显著的积极成果，五项研究的结果喜忧参半，三项研究仅报告了干预策略，但没有评估结果。
本综述证实了针对残疾人士的家庭暴力以及如何通过循证干预来预防和解决暴力问题的文献存在重大空白。提出了一些建议，以改善未来的研究和实践。
