Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa.
Faculty of Applied Sciences & Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University India, Bajhol 173229, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 26;20(3):2230. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032230.
Good hygienic practices are required to reduce the risk of microbial contamination during meat processing. We evaluated good hygiene and meat safety practices among different village butcheries (6), commercial butcheries (8), and supermarkets (18) through direct personal observations. The supermarkets and commercial butcheries wore personal protective equipment (PPE) and used proper waste procedures. Moreover, there were pest control devices, a safe water supply, and staff handling money away from meat. At village butcheries, wearing hairnets and aprons, and the display of raw meat being separate from offal were identified as good practices. The irregular washing of hands (67%), less use of gloves (83%), wearing of open sandals (67%) and jewelry (33%), use of the same coat for different activities (100%), lack of paper towels (100%) and pest control devices (67%) and mismanagement of waste (33%) were practices that led to unsafe meat handling. Our study identified good meat safety practices at supermarkets. A combination of good and unhygienic meat handling practices were identified at commercial and village butcheries. These findings suggest a need for intervention through training on food safety in order to improve the hygienic practices of meat handling along the beef supply chain, more especially in commercial and village butcheries.
良好的卫生规范对于减少肉类加工过程中微生物污染的风险至关重要。我们通过直接的个人观察,评估了不同乡村肉铺(6 家)、商业肉铺(8 家)和超市(18 家)的良好卫生和肉类安全规范执行情况。超市和商业肉铺的员工穿戴个人防护设备(PPE),并采用适当的废物处理程序。此外,还设有虫害控制设备、安全的供水系统,以及员工在处理金钱时远离肉类。在乡村肉铺,穿戴发网和围裙,以及将生肉与内脏分开展示,被认为是良好的规范。而我们发现,经常不洗手(67%)、较少使用手套(83%)、赤脚或穿露趾凉鞋(67%)和佩戴首饰(33%)、同一件外套用于不同活动(100%)、缺乏纸巾(100%)和虫害控制设备(67%)以及废物管理不善(33%)等情况,导致了不安全的肉类处理。我们的研究发现超市有良好的肉类安全规范。商业和乡村肉铺则存在一些良好和不卫生的肉类处理规范。这些发现表明,有必要通过食品安全培训进行干预,以改善牛肉供应链中肉类处理的卫生规范,特别是在商业和乡村肉铺。