身体残障人士如何通过网络视频获得社会支持：来自中国的定性研究
How People with Physical Disabilities Can Obtain Social Support through Online Videos: A Qualitative Study in China.
机构信息
School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 30;20(3):2423. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032423.
BACKGROUND
Online video creation is becoming an option for many people with physical disabilities in China. However, few studies have considered how physically disabled individuals access social support through online video creation.
METHODS
For this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 online video creators with physical disabilities. The starting point of this study was video creation by people with physical disabilities, with a focus on the social interactions between creators, online video platforms, followers, viewers and sponsors, as well as the perceived social support in the process.
RESULTS
Thematic analysis was used to identify six social support themes: (i) meeting emotional needs; (ii) obtaining informational support; (iii) obtaining creative benefits; (iv) constructing identity; (v) reconstructing social relationships; and (vi) discovering self-worth. Four risk-related themes were identified: (i) online language violence; (ii) invasion of commercial capital; (iii) online video addiction; and (iv) fragile social support.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings indicate that, although people with physical disabilities can obtain effective social support through creating online videos, it is accompanied by many risks. In addition, the social support gained through creating online videos differs from traditional online social support (e.g., changes in online support groups, emphasis on creative gain).
PROSPECT
Future research should perform more detailed analyses of different types of social support and specific risks of creation, while taking into account individual differences and sociodemographic backgrounds.
背景
在中国，越来越多的身体残障人士选择通过制作网络视频来表达自己。然而，目前鲜少有研究关注身体残障人士如何通过制作网络视频来获得社会支持。
方法
本研究采用质性研究方法，对 18 名制作网络视频的残障人士进行了半结构化访谈。本研究以残障人士的视频制作为切入点，重点关注创作者、网络视频平台、粉丝、观众和赞助商之间的社会互动，以及创作者在这一过程中感受到的社会支持。
结果
通过主题分析，本研究共识别出 6 个社会支持主题：（i）满足情感需求；（ii）获取信息支持；（iii）获得创作收益；（iv）构建身份认同；（v）重构社会关系；（vi）发现自我价值。此外，还识别出 4 个与风险相关的主题：（i）网络语言暴力；（ii）商业资本的入侵；（iii）网络视频成瘾；（iv）脆弱的社会支持。
结论
研究结果表明，虽然身体残障人士可以通过制作网络视频获得有效的社会支持，但同时也伴随着许多风险。此外，通过制作网络视频获得的社会支持与传统的网络社会支持（例如，支持群体的变化、对创作收益的重视）有所不同。
展望
未来的研究应该更详细地分析不同类型的社会支持和创作的具体风险，并考虑个体差异和社会人口背景。
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