Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil.
Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 30;20(3):2440. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032440.
Among the risk factors reported for cognitive decline, the literature highlights changes in body composition. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between obesity/overweight and executive functions in cognitively normal older adult women. This cross-sectional study included 224 individuals (60-80 years), stratified into normal weight (n = 45), overweight (n = 98), and obesity (n = 81). As outcomes, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and Trail Making Test Parts A and B were assessed. We found positive correlations of BMI and WC with completion times of TMT-A and TMT-B, and a negative correlation of BMI and WC with education. ANCOVA showed an association between higher BMI and slower completion time of TMT-A, TMT-B, and ΔTMT (B-A). Impairment of executive functions of cognitively normal older women may be positively associated with obesity and negatively associated with years of education. The findings may contribute to designing strategies that make it possible to prevent cognitive decline in women during aging.
在报告的认知能力下降的风险因素中，文献强调了身体成分的变化。因此，本研究旨在探讨在认知正常的老年女性中，肥胖/超重与执行功能之间的关系。本横断面研究纳入了 224 名（60-80 岁）个体，分为正常体重（n=45）、超重（n=98）和肥胖（n=81）。作为结果，评估了体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）和连线测试 A 和 B。我们发现 BMI 和 WC 与 TMT-A 和 TMT-B 的完成时间呈正相关，与教育程度呈负相关。ANCOVA 显示 BMI 较高与 TMT-A、TMT-B 和 ΔTMT（B-A）的完成时间较慢有关。认知正常的老年女性执行功能障碍可能与肥胖呈正相关，与受教育年限呈负相关。这些发现可能有助于设计策略，使女性在衰老过程中能够预防认知能力下降。
